1. Developing a Compliant Substance Abuse Training and Education Program Amphetamines Cocaine Marijuana Opiates PCP Alcohol Presented by Diana Byrnes, Substance Abuse Management Specialist Center for Urban Transportation Research University of South Florida- Tampa FL

2. Benefits of In-house Training Program More cost effective than use of external training resources Training is conducted on agency timeline Training is specific to FTA regulations and agency policy Message stays consistent Demonstrates agency commitment to the testing program

3. FTA Minimum Training Requirements Per 49 CFR Part 655.14 General education component Awareness training for all safety- sensitive employees Reasonable suspicion training for supervisors and company officials authorized to make reasonable suspicion determinations

4. General Education Component- 49 CFR Part 655.14 (a) “..display and distribution of informational material and a community service hot-line telephone number for employee assistance”

5. Community Service Hot-line Numbers Your Local Yellow Pages Your Employee Assistance Program Substance Abuse Professional Referral National Hot Line Numbers –National Drug Abuse Hotline 1-800-662-HELP (1-800-662-4357)

6. Employee Handbook “What DOT Employees Need to Know About Drug and Alcohol Testing” published by ODAPC Your agency specific Substance Abuse Policy Employee Drug Awareness Manual- created by CUTR in cooperation with FL DOT Posters, flyers, moral boosters/give-away items Informational Material to Display and Distribute

7. CUTR/FDOT Website http://www.cutr.usf.edu/byrnessamsite/

8. Display and Distribution Best Practices Display material throughout agency (in driver’s lounge, on vending machines, bulletin boards, near schedule boards, at dispatch desk, in rest rooms, etc.) Keep message fresh, change often Vary the media used

9. Drug Awareness Training Requirement

10. [655.14 (b)] A minimum of 60 minutes of training to all safety-sensitive employees –Effects and consequences of prohibited drug use on personal health, safety, and the work environment –Manifestation and behavioral cues of drug use –Alcohol training not required If included, must be in addition to the 60 minutes on drugs

11. Training must be provided to new hires and transfers into safety-sensitive positions Should be part of new employee orientation and training agenda Only required once during tenure of employment Refresher training highly recommended Correlation between good training programs and low positive rates

12. Resources for Drug Awareness Training Materials

13. National Clearinghouse for Alcohol and Drug Information (NCADI) CDs Videos/DVDs Web-casts PowerPoint presentations Booklets Pamphlets

14. http://ncadi.samhsa.gov

16. An Employee Drug Awareness Training Video and Handbook –Produced by the Center for Urban Transportation Research at the University of South Florida –23 minutes in length –Accompanying handbook for review Clean, Sober, and Safe

17. Free Download of Clean, Sober and Safe Video and Handbook www.cutr.usf.edu/byrnessamsite

18. Drug Awareness Training Resources Continued Street Drugs University –E-Learning website –Small donation ($5.00 annually) will provide access to PowerPoint presentations, videos, photos, interactive quizzes –Pamphlets, brochures, posters

19. www.streetdrugs.org

20. National Institute on Drug Abuse www.drugabuse.gov

21. Partnership for a Drug-Free America www.drugfreeamerica.org Statistics on substance abuse trends Drug identification guides, lists of signs and symptoms for each drug Links to local state partnerships

22. Drug Awareness Training Best Practices Exceed regulatory requirement of sixty minutes Add alcohol awareness (although not required) Provide refresher training under agency authority Consider adding drug and alcohol segment to safety meetings

23. Supervisor Reasonable Suspicion Training

24. [655.14 (b)( 2 )] –60 minutes of training on the physical, behavioral, and performance indicators of probable drug use –60 minutes of training on the physical, behavioral, and performance indicators of probable alcohol misuse –Only required once during tenure of employment with agency –Must be provided before supervisor can make a reasonable suspicion determination

25. Resources for Supervisor Training

26. Reasonable Suspicion Referral for Drug and Alcohol Testing: A Training Program for Transit Supervisors and accompanying Leader’s guide http://transit-safety.volpe.dot.gov

27. Supplement Role play reasonable suspicion scenarios Review the importance of using a documentation form Discuss how to safely handle an irate employee Discuss the actions that constitute a refusal Discuss the protocol for notification of management or HR dept. Discuss transport of employee to site

28. Additional topics to cover during supervisory training may include: Post Accident Testing Criteria Testing windows Documentation forms Internal protocol, re: transport, etc. DOT Specimen Collection and Testing Process What to expect at the collection site Integrity of the laboratory testing, MRO review of positive results to protect employee rights

29. Creative Training Tools Local Head Shop –Drug Paraphernalia Red Ribbon Week Items http://www.drugpreventionresources.com Nimco, Inc. Drug Identification Kits www.Nimcoinc.com Narc-Scent, Simulated Marijuana http://www.lecortec.com/narcscent.htm http://www.lecortec.com/narcscent.htm Fatal Vision Goggles http://www.fatalvision.com/fv/home.phpttp://www.fatalvision.com/fv/home.php

30. Supervisor Training Best Practices Exceed regulatory minimums Utilize role play exercises Empower supervisors- emphasize management’s support Stress to supervisors that its okay if the test comes back negative Consider the addition of Post Accident training

31. Train the Trainer Resources FTA Annual Drug and Alcohol Program Conference Transportation Safety Institute (TSI) http://www.tsi.dot.gov http://www.tsi.dot.gov Your Third Party Administrator State Public Transportation Associations

32. Administrative Duties Record Retention and Maintenance

33. Maintain the following documentation for all training sessions: –Training agenda, dates and times –Attendance roster –Copy of the training materials presented –Instructor’s name –Copies of any certificates given to employees –Keep for a minimum of two years

34. Conclusion Keep substance abuse training in the forefront Vary the media; mix it up; be creative! Maintain an open door policy Empower and support your supervisors Boost moral “We’re a Drug and Alcohol Free Transit system”!

35. Citations Some of the websites referenced during this presentation were obtained via training material presented at an FTA sponsored Drug and Alcohol National Conference in which speakers from the Office of Drug and Alcohol Policy Compliance, FTA auditors, FTA Drug and Alcohol MIS Program and Newsletter staff, and professionals from the DOT Drug and Alcohol testing industry were present. In February 2008, Ms. Byrnes authored a paper entitled “Developing a Compliant Substance Abuse Education and Training Program” that was the basis for this presentation. This material was presented at the American Public Transportation Association Annual Conference in Austin Texas, May 2008 and the National Conference on Rural Public and Intercity Bus Transportation in Omaha Nebraska, October 2008. The video entitled “Clean, Sober and Safe” and its accompanying handbook were produced by the Center for Urban Transportation Research at the University of South Florida and are the copyright of the Florida Department of Transportation.