1. Bruegman, Fire Administration 2/e © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ Fire Administration I Randy R. Bruegman Chapter 2 Preparing for Your Future

2. Bruegman, Fire Administration 2/e © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ Learning Objectives Describe the influence the Wingspread conferences have had on the fire service Define the role of training and education for the fire service of the future Define the differences between certification and accreditation

3. Bruegman, Fire Administration 2/e © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ Learning Objectives Describe how the National Fire Academy has influenced professional development in the fire service Describe the role FESHE has had on professional development in the fire service Develop a personal career development plan

4. Bruegman, Fire Administration 2/e © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ Blue Collar Job to a Profession Fire service was seen as a blue collar job a generation ago Skills and knowledge have evolved –Personnel serve many roles –Chief officers –Fire captains –Firefighters multi-task

5. Bruegman, Fire Administration 2/e © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ Blue Collar Job to a Profession Community interest larger than ever –Sophisticated response systems –Legal mandates –Governance –Community expectations of service –Requires knowledge in many areas

6. Bruegman, Fire Administration 2/e © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ Blue Collar Job to a Profession What will the future hold? –Continuum of expertise will evolve –More training and education –Increased skills –More guidance from standards

7. Bruegman, Fire Administration 2/e © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ Blue Collar Job to a Profession Evolution will move the industry to one based upon –Professional standards –Certifications –Recognized credentials

8. Bruegman, Fire Administration 2/e © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ Blue Collar Job to a Profession Training and Education Continuum

9. Bruegman, Fire Administration 2/e © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ Professional Status Introduction –Dr. Denis Onieal National Fire Academy Superintendent

10. Bruegman, Fire Administration 2/e © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ Professional Status Introduction –Critical areas regarding fire service education –Training and education to be a physician or attorney is clearly defined –Process to be a fire chief is not clearly defined

11. Bruegman, Fire Administration 2/e © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ Professional Status Introduction –Professional status means different things –Characteristics of professions –Substantive tenets of professions –Fire service hurdles –Specialization

12. Bruegman, Fire Administration 2/e © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ Professional Status Introduction –Foundations for professional status –Path to professional status –Nationally recognized, reciprocal system of training and education is missing

13. Bruegman, Fire Administration 2/e © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ Training and Education Training –Local training Recruit, refresher, or hands-on training –State training Training not available locally

14. Bruegman, Fire Administration 2/e © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ Training and Education Training –U. S. Fire Administration/ National Fire Academy

15. Bruegman, Fire Administration 2/e © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ Training and Education National Fire Academy –Works cooperatively with state training –Training not available at state level –On and off-campus deliveries –Training Resource and Data Exchange (TRADE)

16. Bruegman, Fire Administration 2/e © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ Training and Education Education –Many colleges and universities offer fire science and/or administration degrees Two-year, four-year, Master’s –Degree titles vary from college to college –Makes transfer of credit difficult

17. Bruegman, Fire Administration 2/e © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ Training and Education Education –Degrees at a Distance Program Seven universities nationwide Distance learning to earn bachelors degree USFA/NFA provided courses

18. Bruegman, Fire Administration 2/e © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ Training and Education Education –Fire and Emergency Services Higher Education (FESHE) USFA/NFA initiative Cooperative venture with colleges Model curricula for associate and bachelor degree programs

19. Bruegman, Fire Administration 2/e © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ Training and Education The Problem –Fragmented system of professional development –Generally uncoordinated –Professional development providers must collaborate and coordinate efforts –Concept has evolved from FESHE conferences

20. Bruegman, Fire Administration 2/e © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ Fire and Emergency Services Higher Education FESHE Program Mark Role of FESHE Conferences –Presentations, problem solving and consensus- building sessions –Produce higher- education related products or recommendations

21. Bruegman, Fire Administration 2/e © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ Fire and Emergency Services Higher Education Professional Development Model –Suggests roles and responsibilities –Training – provide practical applications and ability to do the work –Higher education – provide cognitive skills and ability to manage

22. Bruegman, Fire Administration 2/e © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ Fire and Emergency Services Higher Education Associate Degree Model Curriculum –Identified six core courses –Recommended that all programs require core courses –Also identified seven non-core courses –Recommended adoption of these outlines if a school offers non-core courses

23. Bruegman, Fire Administration 2/e © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ Fire and Emergency Services Higher Education Baccalaureate Degree Model Curriculum –NFA released Degree at a Distance curriculum to accredited programs –Have signed agreements with state training programs –DDP will remain NFA’s delivery system –Model curriculum contains 13 courses

24. Bruegman, Fire Administration 2/e © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ Fire and Emergency Services Higher Education National System for Higher Education –Components are in place –Core and non-core courses line up with baccalaureate courses –Theoretical prerequisites to enter field –Adoption of curricula moves fire service toward profession

25. Bruegman, Fire Administration 2/e © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ A National System for Fire-Related Higher Education National Model for Fire-Related Higher Education

26. Bruegman, Fire Administration 2/e © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ A National System for Fire-Related Higher Education A Call for Collaboration –No easy path to unite professional development systems –Relationships vary from state to state –Partnerships can solve training and education turf battles –Systems can be created and maintained

27. Bruegman, Fire Administration 2/e © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ A National System for Fire-Related Higher Education Combining the System –Introduction Principle parts of professional development system exist Training programs work toward that goal Take a voluntary approach to a single professional and reciprocal system Cooperative venture

28. Bruegman, Fire Administration 2/e © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ A National System for Fire-Related Higher Education Combining the System –Independent Assessment of Skills Requires process to certify competence Fire service has certifying agencies

29. Bruegman, Fire Administration 2/e © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ A National System for Fire-Related Higher Education Combining the Systems –Reciprocity Combine components into one universally recognized system Strengthen through NFA partnerships Recognize value of endorsed courses States deliver train-the-trainers for all NFA Direct Delivery courses

30. Bruegman, Fire Administration 2/e © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ A National System for Fire-Related Higher Education Benefits of a Common System –Professional status –Participation in NFA courses –Reduction in course development costs –Reciprocity –Training –Education –Training and education

31. Bruegman, Fire Administration 2/e © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ The Future: Where Do We Go From Here Need to know where we are Several pathways to choose from Traditionally viewed as mutually exclusive

32. Bruegman, Fire Administration 2/e © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ The Future: Where Do We Go From Here American Council on Education reviews courses “Crosswalks” established FESHE initiative provides opportunities Pathways must be complimentary

33. Bruegman, Fire Administration 2/e © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ The Future Introduction –Other elements of professionalism will emerge –Professional status can be rescinded independent of the employer –Follow model of other professions –First cohesive national approach

34. Bruegman, Fire Administration 2/e © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ The Future Introduction –IAFC has had professional development working committee for 20 years –Focused on educational activities –Preparing firefighters to become chief officers –Created an Officer Development Handbook

35. Bruegman, Fire Administration 2/e © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ The Future Comprehensive Roadmap

36. Bruegman, Fire Administration 2/e © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ IAFC Officer Development Handbook International Association of Fire Chiefs –Established in 1873 –One of the oldest professional associations

37. Bruegman, Fire Administration 2/e © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ IAFC Officer Development Handbook International Association of Fire Chiefs –12,000 chief fire and emergency officers –World’s leading emergency response experts –Hosts Fire Rescue International conference annually

38. Bruegman, Fire Administration 2/e © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ IAFC Officer Development Handbook International Association of Fire Chiefs –IAFC Mission To provide leadership to career and volunteer chiefs, chief fire officers, and managers of emergency services organizations throughout the international community through vision, information, education, services, and representation to enhance their professionalism and capabilities

39. Bruegman, Fire Administration 2/e © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ History International Association of Fire Chiefs –Wingspread Conference Convened five times since 1966 Each emphasized the need to develop effective leadership Each pointed out the same ineffective practice of training someone after they are promoted

40. Bruegman, Fire Administration 2/e © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ The Future What Does Your Future Hold –What are your motivations for promotion? Greater influence Challenges of leadership Status or higher compensation Commitment to public service –More reachable through professional development

41. Bruegman, Fire Administration 2/e © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ Mentoring Successful mentors –Guide and coach development –Give you options –Help you see the big picture –Encourage you –Identify areas for improvement –Help you refine your skills

42. Bruegman, Fire Administration 2/e © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ Mentoring Mentors have “been there…done that” –Willing to share experience –Resource to shape your skills and style Be willing to mentor others

43. Bruegman, Fire Administration 2/e © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ Mapping Professional development is the planned, progressive, life-long process of education, training, self-development, and experience

44. Bruegman, Fire Administration 2/e © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ Mapping Four distinct elements –Education –Training –Experience –Self-development –Professional development is a journey, not a destination

45. Bruegman, Fire Administration 2/e © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ Mapping Professional Development Model

46. Bruegman, Fire Administration 2/e © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ Measuring for Success Journey’s success is measured by progress made along the way Credentials College qualifications

47. Bruegman, Fire Administration 2/e © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ Measuring for Success Professional development is not all about certifications and degrees Benchmarks to document achievements Predictors of skills and knowledge

48. Bruegman, Fire Administration 2/e © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ Measuring for Success IAFC Professional Development Handbook Roadmap for individual development –Supervising Fire Officer –Managing Fire Officer –Administrative Fire Officer –Executive Fire Officer

49. Bruegman, Fire Administration 2/e © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ Measuring for Success Self-Development Roadmap

50. Bruegman, Fire Administration 2/e © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ Chief Fire Officer Intended for aspiring and existing chief officers Administered by the Commission on Professional Credentialing

51. Bruegman, Fire Administration 2/e © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ Chief Fire Officer Requires points in education and experience Requires a portfolio for peer review

52. Bruegman, Fire Administration 2/e © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ Executive Fire Officer Program Initiative of the U. S. Fire Administration/ National Fire Academy

53. Bruegman, Fire Administration 2/e © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ Executive Fire Officer Program Senior officers or leaders Four-year, four core course program Change from reactive to proactive Lead transformation of service Value of research Value of life-long learning

54. Bruegman, Fire Administration 2/e © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ Degrees at a Distance Program Independent study degree program sponsored by the National Fire Academy Seven accredited colleges and universities Two bachelor’s degree options No on-campus classes Local proctored exams

55. Bruegman, Fire Administration 2/e © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ Degrees at a Distance FAQ’s –What exactly is the Degrees at a Distance program? –Without being in a classroom environment, what kind of academic interaction can I expect? –May I take a course even if I don’t want to pursue a degree at this time?

56. Bruegman, Fire Administration 2/e © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ Degrees at a Distance FAQ’s –What if I have an associate degree? –How is this program different from going on campus and taking a regular college course? –What impact could this program have on my career?

57. Bruegman, Fire Administration 2/e © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ IFSAC International Fire Service Accreditation Congress (IFSAC) –Peer driven, self-governing –Accredits fire service certification programs and higher education fire-related programs –Located at Oklahoma State University in the College of Engineering, Architecture, and Technology

58. Bruegman, Fire Administration 2/e © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ IFSAC FAQ’s –What is the difference between certification and accreditation? –Is my fire department accredited?

59. Bruegman, Fire Administration 2/e © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ IFSAC FAQ’s –What type of training does IFSAC offer? –How do I obtain my transcripts and verify any college credit I have received through the courses I have taken?

60. Bruegman, Fire Administration 2/e © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ NBFSPQ National Board on Fire Service Professional Qualifications (NBFSPQ or Pro Board) –Goal is accreditation of organizations that certify uniform members of public fire departments –Accredit training agencies that use NFPA standards –Members receive national certification –Encourages reciprocity

61. Bruegman, Fire Administration 2/e © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ NBFSPQ Benefits –Review by an independent organization –Certification is indisputable mark of performance by individual –Uniformity and portability of qualifications –Organizational credibility

62. Bruegman, Fire Administration 2/e © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ Developing Your Roadmap to Success Fire service level of professionalism will continue to evolve Must develop a personal game plan for success Common set of standards may become reality one day

63. Bruegman, Fire Administration 2/e © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ Develop a five-ten-fifteen year professional development plan on yourself and turn in next week.