1. The Great War

2.  F.F. was heir to the Austria-Hungary throne.  Assassinated in Sarajevo, Bosnia by Serbian revolutionary.  Assassination outraged Austria-Hungary who immediately declared war on Serbia.

4.  The policy of making military power a primary goal of a nation.  Decades before WWI  To build up armies to become more powerful to conquer or defend.

5. Who:  Central Powers: Germany, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire (Turkey)  Allied Powers: Serbia, Russia, France, Great Britain, Italy, USA, and more.  A network of competing countries with a pact or coalition between 2 or more countries.  A small conflict turns into a big conflict.

7.  Countries competing for expansion to new colonies.  Colonies in Africa and Asia  Why: Germany had fewer colonies and felt they deserved more to provide more resources and to buy goods.

8.  Strong feelings of pride, loyalty, and protectiveness toward their own country.  pre-WWI  People wanted to prove their nations were the best.

10.  A German U-boat (submarine) torpedoed a British passenger ship (Lusitania) killing British and American civilians. American demanded German to stop.  1915  Blockade of German ports by Britain.  Germans thought the ship was carrying military supplies.

11.  Arthur Zimmermann (German Foreign Minister)  Telegram intended for Mexico but was intercepted by Britain from Germany.  June, 1915  Germany wanted Mexico to join them. In return, Germany would help them take back Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona.

13.  President Woodrow Wilson’s 14 th point of his “plan” to call for a peaceful resolution to disputes.  January, 1918  Why: Peace without Victory  ***It went ignored***

14.  Punishment: Germany was forced to accept full blame for the war.  -stripped of it’s colonies  -military was limited to 100,000  -pay $33 billion in reparations for destructions  Divided Austria-Hungary and the Ottomans.  Created Czechoslovakia and granted Poland it’s Independence.  Signed on June, 1919 in France.

15.  Opposing forces attack each other from a system of trenches.  The Western Front (from the English Channel to Switzerland)  A new way to fight one another that turned out to be gruesome, deadly, and diseased ridden.

17.  What:  -Unrestricted submarine Warfare ( German U-boats)  -Ariel Warfare (dogfighting and bombing)  -Total Warfare (entire nation is fitted to win the war: all men, women, and children become fair game)  -Gas Attacks (Mustard Gas)  -Preparatory Artillery Bombardment

19. 1. Whose assassination led to the beginning of WWI? 2. What does M-A-I-N stand for? 3. List a reason why the United States got involved in the War. 4. What document was signed to end the War? 5. What was the name of the style of warfare fought along the Western Front where soldiers used dugouts?