1. Amos, Hosea, Isaiah, Micah 8th Century BC
Classical Prophecy
Amos, Hosea, Isaiah, Micah
8th Century BC

2. Kings of the Lands Judah Israel Uzziah 783-742 Jotham 742-735
Ahaz
Hezekiah
Israel
Jeroboam II
(assorted )
Pekah
Hoshea

3. Political History
Rezin of Syria ( ) leads Syro-Ephraemite rebellion against Assyria
Tiglath-Pileser III attacks Samaria 737
Samaria falls to Sargon II 722/721
Sennacherib invades Judah 701

5. Prophets to the North Amos Hosea From Judah (the southern kingdom)
Native to Israel (the northern kingdom)

7. Amos Not mentioned outside own book Identification Was he a prophet?
But compare “man of God” in 1 Kings 13
Identification
Amos 1:1
Was he a prophet?
Amos 7:10-17

8. Message of Amos The Nations and Israel Against Social Oppression
Call to Justice
Amos 5:14-15
Appendix
Amos 9:8b-15

9. Hosea Hosea marries the loose woman [women]
Ephraim turning away and back
Hosea 5:9-6:6
Can God give Israel up?
Hosea 11

10. After Fall of Samaria Judean “Escape” from Assyrian invasion
But as vassal state
Weakness of Assyria – moves to independence
Purification of religion [e.g., Hezekiah]
Nationalism and Self-righteousness
Possible absorption of northern remnants

11. Prophets to the South Isaiah Micah Resident of Jerusalem
First “Major” Prophet
Micah
Resident of Moresheth-Gath
One of the book of the twelve
The Prophet Micah:
Samaria and Jerusalem in same boat
Micah 1:2-9
Judgment on civil and religious leaders
Micah 3
God’s case against God’s people
Micah 6:1-8
Hopeful additions
Micah 4:1 - 5:5 ; 7:18-20

12. The Book of Isaiah 1-39 Isaiah of Jerusalem 40-66 Book of Consolation
24-27, later traditions
36-39 parallel 2 Kings
40-66 Book of Consolation
40-55 Second (Deutero) Isaiah
56-66 Third (Trito) Isaiah

13. The “Call” of Isaiah The Vision Isaiah 6 Other “Calls” Amos 7:14-17
Jeremiah 1:4-19
Ezekiel 1:4 - 3:15
Isaiah 40:1-8; 49:5-7

14. Message of Isaiah (1) Centrality of Zion (Jerusalem)
Isaiah 2:2-4 [Micah 4:1-4]
Role of Davidic kingdom
Isaiah 11:1-3 (4-9)
Political results from lack of faith
Isaiah 7:10-25

15. Message of Isaiah (2) Assyria and Israel (Judah) Social inequity
God and God’s people
Isaiah 1:2-17

16. The Prophet Micah Samaria and Jerusalem in same boat
Judgment on civil and religious leaders
Micah 3
God’s case against God’s people
Micah 6:1-8
Hopeful additions
Micah 4:1 - 5:5 ; 7:18-20