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2 Peter and Jude Responses to the threat of corruption.

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Presentation on theme: "2 Peter and Jude Responses to the threat of corruption."— Presentation transcript:

1 2 Peter and Jude Responses to the threat of corruption

2 The threat of corruption (2 Peter/Jude) External corruption (Jude) The “Others” Internal corruption (2 Peter) “False teachers” The response of compassionate rescue The nature of Christian waiting The nature of the Christian literature 4/24/2015General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 2

3 Jude and the Apocalyptic Genre/ Use of non-canonical literature in the NT 4/24/2015General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 3

4 Introduction to Jude Author Recipients Date Nature of the work 4/24/2015General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 4

5 Introduction to Apocalyptic Spatial axis Temporal axis Ethical purpose 4/24/2015General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 5

6 Salutation Brevity Author Recipients Identified as Christians (“Beloved”) Not identified by location 4/24/2015General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 6

7 Thematic statement Dear friends, although I was very eager to write to you about the salvation we share, I felt I had to write and urge you to contend for the faith that was once for all entrusted to the saints. 4/24/2015General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 7

8 Proof for the Thematic Statement Israel in the wilderness Fallen Angels in Gen 6 Sodom and Gomorrah Michael and the devil Cain, Balaam, Korah Enoch Use of non-canonical scripture 4/24/2015General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 8

9 Final Prophecy Prophecy from the apostles Concerns the last times Scoffers follow desires/ natural instincts Do not have the Spirit 4/24/2015General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 9

10 Closing Exhortation Build selves up in the faith Pray in the Holy Spirit Keep yourself in God ’ s love Wait for Jesus/ eternal life Be merciful to “ those who doubt ”; rescue the “Others” carefully 4/24/2015General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 10

11 Closing Doxology To him who is able to keep you from falling The only God our Savior 4/24/2015General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 11

12 Second Peter Outline and Detailed Study 4/24/2015General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 12

13 Summary of Introduction: Date Author Recipients 4/24/2015General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 13

14 Date - several factors are important: After Jude, for it uses Jude After Paul's letters were known (3:15-16) After the apostolic generation or perhaps the missionaries to that group had died (3:4) Probably after a first letter (probably not 1 Peter). 4/24/2015General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 14

15 Author Author has written at least once previously to these churches Author tends to be autobiographical (unlike 1 Peter) Author feels free to use Jude via aemulatio Author knows 1 Enoch, but omits the direct quotation from Jude. Author's concerns are not the Christological issues of the second century. Author uses Hellenistic style and language 4/24/2015General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 15

16 Recipients Bothered by false teachers: These once accepted Christian morality, but have now departed from it (1:3-11) Their crimes are reviling angelic/demonic beings sensuality These Christians are struggling with parousia delay (ch. 3) 4/24/2015General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 16

17 Outline: Basic Outline: Bauckham's Outline: 4/24/2015General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 17

18 Content (Bauckham's outline) The following lecture(s) will follow the outline in Bauckham’s commentary 4/24/2015General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 18

19 Greeting (1:1-2) Titles differ from that in 1 Peter, the latter being more formal. The letter is addressed to Christians who: Are come to faith through Jesus' righteousness. Have received a faith equally privileged (or precious) as that of the apostles. Recognize Jesus as both God and savior Grace and peace come from the knowledge of God 4/24/2015General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 19

20 Thematic sermon (1:3-11) Jesus' gift (1:3-4) Based on his divine power Evil is corruption due to “desire” (epithumia) Focused in the knowledge of Jesus Epignostic soteriology Result is some rather exalted promises: 4/24/2015General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 20

21 Christian virtue (1:5-9) Faith Virtue (moral excellence) Knowledge Self-Control Patient endurance Piety, godliness (Hellenistic) Brotherly love Love 4/24/2015General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 21

22 Conclusion (1:10-11) Based on the above, one should "make all the more effort" to "ratify" or "guarantee" the calling of God The alternative 4/24/2015General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 22

23 Apology for the sermon (1:12- 21) Peter's death = need for reminder (1:12-15) He speaks of his present body as a "tent" cf. 2 Cor. 5:1 His death is an "exodus" This is what gives the letter its testametal nature 4/24/2015General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 23

24 Peter's experience = veracity (1:16-18) The apostles have not followed "myths" in the gospel They are "eyewitnesses" of the manifest glory of Christ Jesus "receives" honor and glory in transfig. 4/24/2015General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 24

25 Prophetic word = other proof of veracity (1:19-21) echomen bebaioteron... = to have a most firm grip on They should do the same, for scripture is a light in the dark. Christ is the morning star; the arising is the parousia The parousia is the full revelation to which the prophets point. Prophecy is God-given (1:20-21) The prophets spoke by divine inspiration: 4/24/2015General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 25

26 Peter's Response to the False Teachers 2:1-22 Prediction of False Teachers. He compares false teachers to false prophets Characteristics "deny Christ" Results Many follow them into dissolution Gospel is slandered Teachers will be condemned 4/24/2015General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 26

27 The Certainty of Judgment 2:4- 10a The judgment of the angels The judgment of the flood The flood's devastation Noah's deliverance The judgment of Sodom The city's destruction Lot's righteousness and suffering God is quite capable of saving the righteous and punishing the wicked 4/24/2015General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 27

28 Denunciation of False Teachers 2:10b-22 Their slander of angels 2:10b-13a Their moral corruption 2:13b-16 Their lack of promise 2:17-22 4/24/2015General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 28

29 The Issue of the Parousia 3:1- 13 Prediction of Scofffers 3:1-7 Purpose of the letter 3:1-2 The first letter Prophets and apostolic teaching Description of the scoffers 3:3-4 Two charges are laid: scoffing at Parousia following their desires God's word is firm Three Periods of world history: God is Forbearing 3:8-10 4/24/2015General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 29

30 Exhortation 3:11-13 To "holy and godly conduct" To "eschatological waiting" cf. Jude 21 and gospels This "hastens" (speudontas) the parousia The new heavens and earth 4/24/2015General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 30

31 Conclusion 3:14-18 Exhortation to peace 3:14-16 Exhortation to growth 3:17-18a Concluding doxology 3:18b 4/24/2015General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 31

32 2 Peter This is the outline of the instructor, following some of the principles of ancient letter writing and rhetoric 4/24/2015General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 32

33 Salutation (1:1-2) 4/24/2015General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 33

34 Letter Opening (1:3-15) Opening Sermon (1:3-11) Historical Introduction: the Divine Benefaction Call to virtue Purpose Statement (1:12-15) 4/24/2015General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 34

35 Letter Body (1:16-3:13) The Implications of the Transfiguration (1:16- 21) Condemnation of false teachers (2:1-22) Introduction to the false teachers (2:1-3) Scriptural arguments why God will judge the false teachers 2:4-10a The arrogance of the false teachers 2:10b - 12 The immorality of the false teachers 2:13-16 The condemnation of the false teachers 2:17-22 4/24/2015General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 35

36 Letter body continued Conclusions about the Day of the Lord (3:1-13) Introduction to the day of the Lord 3:1-2 The denial of the day of the Lord refuted from scripture 3:3-7 The reason the day of the Lord appears delayed 3:8-9 Conclusions: Nature and implications of the day of the Lord 3:10-13 Summary concerning the Christian life (3:14- 16) Body closing 4/24/2015General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 36

37 Letter Closing (3:17-18) 4/24/2015General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 37

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