1. Sonnet 18 By William Shakespeare

2. an octave + a sestet 3 quatrains + a couplet abba abba cdecde abab bcbc cdcd ee abab cdcd efef gg Italian Sonnet: Spenserian Sonnet: Shakespearian Sonnet: 3 quatrains + a couplet Francesco Petrarch

3. 1) Italian Sonnet Francesco Petrach The poetry of earth is never dead : a When all the birds are faint with the hot sun, b And hide in cooling trees, a voice will run b From hedge to hedge about the new-mown mead; a That is the Grasshopper’s --- he takes the lead a In summer luxury, --- he has never done b With his delights; for when tired out with fun b He rests at ease beneath some pleasant weed. a The poety of earth is ceasing never : c On a lone winter evening, when the frost d Has wrought a silence, from the stove there shrills e The Cricket’s song, in warmth increasing ever, c And seems to one in drowsiness half lost, d The Grasshopper’s among some grassy hills. e an octave + a sestet

4. 2) Spenserian Sonnet Edmund Spenser For loe my love doth in her selfe containe b All this world’s riches that may farre be found. c If saphyres, loe her eyes be saphyres plaine: b If rubies, loe her lips be rubies sound; c 3 quatrains + a couplet If pearls, her teeth be pearls both pure and round; c If yvorie, her forehead yvory weene; d If gold, her locks are finest gold on ground; c If silver, her fair hands are silver sheene. d But that which fairest is, but few behold: e Her mind, adorned with vertues manifold. e Ye tradefull merchants, that with weary toyle a Do seeke nost pretious things to make your gain, b And both the Indians of their treasures spoile, a For loe my love doth in her selfe containe b

5. 3) Shakespearian SonnetShakespeare Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, c And often is his gold complexion dimm’d; d And every fair from fair sometime declines, c By chance, or nature’s changing course, untrimm’d. d 3 quatrains + a couplet But thy eternal summer shall not fade, e Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow’st, f Nor shall Death brag thou wander’st in his shade, e When in eternal lines to time thou grow’st. f So long as man can breathe or eyes can see, g So long lives this, and this gives life to thee. g Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day? a Thou art more lovely and more temperate. b Rough winds do shake the darling buds of may, a And summer’s lease hath all too short a date. b

6. Iambus （抑扬格） Iambic Foot （抑扬音步） 5-foot Iambus (Iambic Pentametre) （五步抑扬格） Shall I compare thee to a sum mer’s day ? a Thou art more love ly and more tem perate. b Rough winds do shake the dar ling buds of may, a And sum mer’s lease hath all too short a date. b Metre:

7. Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, c And often is his gold complexion dimm’d; d And every fair from fair sometime declines, c By chance, or nature’s changing course, untrimm’d. d But thy eternal summer shall not fade, e Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow’st, f Nor shall Death brag thou wander’st in his shade, e When in eternal lines to time thou grow’st. f So long as man can breathe or eyes can see, g So long lives this, and this gives life to thee. g Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day? a Thou art more lovely and more temperate. b Rough winds do shake the darling buds of may, a And summer’s lease hath all too short a date. b Sonnet 18

8. Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, c And often is his gold complexion dimm’d; d And every fair from fair sometime declines, c By chance, or nature’s changing course, untrimm’d. d But thy eternal summer shall not fade, e Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow’st, f Nor shall Death brag thou wander’st in his shade, e When in eternal lines to time thou grow’st. f So long as man can breathe or eyes can see, g So long lives this, and this gives life to thee. g Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day? a Thou art more lovely and more temperate. b Rough winds do shake the darling buds of may, a And summer’s lease hath all too short a date. b Sonnet 18 Introduction ( 起 ) Elucidation ( 承 ) Transition ( 转 ) Conclusion ( 合 )