2. ADVANCE DRIVING SAFETY SEMINAR

3. COURSE OBJECTIVE Improve driving skills in an effort to avoid accidents, prevent injuries, save lives and reduce property damage.

4. WHY DO TRAFFIC COLLISIONS HAPPEN? 1.INATTENTION 2.NOT ENOUGH TIME 3.NOT ENOUGH SPACE 4.NOT ALLOWING FOR THE MISTAKES OF OTHER DRIVERS 5.NOT ENOUGH TRAINING 6.FAILURE TO ADJUST FOR CONDITIONS 7.ATTITUDE 8.DRIVER IMPAIRMENT 9.VEHICLE FAILURE

5. What do these “Common Causes” tend to have in common? Study after study shows that human error Causes 90 to 95 percent of all traffic accidents HUMAN ERROR

6. PART I

7. IF YOU 1. AIM HIGH IN STEERING 2. GET THE BIG PICTURE 3. KEEP YOUR EYES MOVING 4. LEAVE YOURSELF AN OUT 5. MAKE SURE THEY SEE YOU YOU OBTAIN SPACE FOR YOUR VEHICLE IMPROVED VISIBILITY TIME TO MAKE DECISIONS

8. AIM HIGH IN STEERING We’re used to driving at HIGHWAY SPEEDS (55-70mph) but our brains are designed to process information at the speed we WALK (3 TO 4 MPH)! Consider this…

9. AIM HIGH IN STEERING Consider this… We’ve got to train our brains to See Ahead Think Ahead Plan Ahead

10. AIM HIGH IN STEERING 15 SECOND EYE LEAD TIME 6 SECOND EYE LEAD TIME - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - X

11. AIM HIGH IN STEERING Central Concept Maintain at least a 15 second eye lead time

12. GET THE BIG PICTURE GLANCE OFTEN TO EACH SIDE CHECK YOUR MIRRORS OFTENIMPORTANT ESTABLISH PROPER FOLLOWING DISTANCE A proper following distance Allows you adequate Stopping room AND Increase your visibility.

13. GET THE BIG PICTURE THEY CAN ALL BE VISION BARRIERS

14. GET THE BIG PICTURE 4 SECOND FOLLOWING DISTANCE - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1.You have room to stop if the vehicle you’re following makes a panic stop. 2. You have room to see over and around most any vehicle, regardless how large.

15. GET THE BIG PICTURE Central Concept Maintain at least a 4 second following distance.

16. KEEP YOUR EYES MOVING Peripheral vision averages 180 degrees BUT is not in sharp focus Central Cone vision is seen clearly but is only about 3 DEGREES!

17. KEEP YOUR EYES MOVING Scan with Central Vision to increase your Peripheral Vision Use Quick Glances, no longer than 2 seconds

18. KEEP YOUR EYES MOVING IN THE NEXT 15 SECONDS THERE MAY BE UP TO 50 OBJECTS AVAILABLE FOR VIEWING DRIVER 1DRIVER 2POSSIBLE NON-RELEVANT OBJECTS 20 39 40 RELEVANT OBJECTS 6 9 10

19. KEEP YOUR EYES MOVING Central Concept Avoid the fixed or blank stare

20. LEAVE YOURSELF AN OUT Your “out” is your space cushion which works as a buffer zone Against conflict. Without that “out” you are often At the mercy of those around you.

21. LEAVE YOURSELF AN OUT - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

22. LEAVE YOURSELF AN OUT Central Concept Maintain a space cushion to the Front and one side

23. MAKE SURE THEY SEE YOU OBTAIN EYE CONTACT

24. MAKE SURE THEY SEE YOU To obtain eye contact: Horn Headlights Brake lights Use sparingly. The goal is to gain attention not to frighten others.

25. MAKE SURE THEY SEE YOU Central Concept Avoid a problem with eye contact and/or warning devices

26. IF YOU AIM HIGH IN STEERING GET THE BIG PICTURE KEEP YOUR EYES MOVING LEAVE YOURSELF AN OUT MAKE SURE THEY SEE YOU

27. YOU OBTAIN SPACE FOR YOUR VEHICLE IMPROVED VISIBILITY TIME TO MAKE DECISIONS

28. PART II

29. WHY DO BACKING ACCIDENTS HAPPEN? BACKING UNNECESSARILY BLIND AREAS VEHICLE DESIGN INFREQUENT BACKING PRACTICE INADEQUATE MENTAL PREPARATION FOR BACKING INADEQUATE INFORMATION DURING BACKING

30. AIM HIGH IN STEERING LOOK THINK PLAN AHEAD FOR ALTERNATIVES IN BACKING

31. WHEN IN DOUBT GET OUT E T AND TAKE A LOOK H E AT THE BLIND AREAS I G FOR YOUR P ROTECTION I C T U R E

32. KEEP YOUR EYES MOVING IN 4 SECONDS AT 3 MPH 18 FEET AT 15 MPH 88 FEET

33. MAKE SURE THEY SEE YOU

34. PART III

35. THE COST OF SUBSTANCE ABUSE SINCE THE TURN OF THE CENTURY, 1,250,000 PEOPLE HAVE DIED ALMOST EVERYTHING YOU BUY IS MORE EXPENSIVE CITY, STATE AND LOCAL TAXES ARE HIGHER MEDICAL INSURANCE COSTS MORE VEHICLE INSURANCE IS RAISED VEHICLE COSTS CLIMB WE ALL LOSE

36. STIMULANTS INGREDIENTS OF SOME NASALSPRAYS TOBACCO (A VERY MILD STIMULANT CERTAIN DIET PILLS AMPHETAMINES CAFFEINE COCAINE THE EFFECTS: CAUSE HEADACHES STIMULATE THE NERVOUS SYSTEM CREATE A FEELING OF ALERTNESS INCREASE BREATHING & HEART RATE AS THEY WEAR OFF, THEY CAN CAUSE SEVERE LETDOWNS OR CRASHES

37. DEPRESSANTS THE EFFECTS: SLOW REACTIONS WEAR OFF SLOWLY AFFECT JUDGEMENT CAUSE DROWSINESS CHANGE PERCEPTIONS DIMINISH COORDINATION AND BRAIN ACTIVITY ALCOHOL BARBITURATES TRANQUILIZERS PAIN RELIEVERS ANTIHISTAMINES SOME COLD REMEDIES

38. NARCOTICS AND HALLUCINOGENS THE EFFECTS: AFFECT THE THOUGHT PROCESS CAUSE HALLUCINATONS INHIBIT NORMAL MEMORY FUNCTION DIMINISH COORDINATION DECREASED REACTION TIME DISTORT ALL SENSES AFFECT THE DECISION MAKING PROCESS LSD PCP HEROIN MORPHINE MARIJUANA

39. REACTIONS TO ALCOHOL INCREASED REACTION TIME DISTANCE BECOMES HARDER TO JUDGE BALANCE IS AFFECTED DROWSINESS AND INATTENTION ARE INCREASED JUDGEMENT IS IMPAIRED SENSORY PERCEPTION IS DISTORTED THE EFFECTS OF BAC.04% BAC: REACTION TIME IS INCREASED.05% BAC: VISION, COORDINATION, ATTENTION DIMINISH.08% BAC: ALL DRIVING SKILLS ARE AFFECTED

40. BAC CHARTS AND GRAPHS HAVE LIMITED VALUE BECAUSE:.16.12.08.04 PEOPLE METABOLIZE ALCOHOL AT DIFFERENT RATES ALCOHOL AFFECTS DIFFERENT PEOPLE IN DIFFERENT WAYS THE AMOUNT OF ALCOHOL IN MIXED DRINKS VARIES CONSIDERABLY PEOPLE DON’T OFTEN KNOW WHEN THEY STARTED DRINKING OR HOW MUCH THEY HAVE CONSUMED ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

41. VIOLATION PENALTIES JAIL OR PRISON TIME LARGE FINES LICENSE REVOCATIONS CANCELLED INSURANCE LOST JOBS

42. WHERE ARE THEY ? PERCENT CHANCE OF DRIVER HAVING BAC EQUAL TO OR GREATER THAN.10 SOURCE: US DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION PROBABILITIES RELATED TO NIGHT TIME DRIVERS TURNING WITH WIDE RADIUS……………………..........................65% STRADDLING CENTER OR LANE MARKER……..........................65% APPEARNG TO BE DRUNK……………………………………..…….60% ALMOST STRIKING AN OBJECT OR VEHICLE….........................60% WEAVING……………………………………………........................…60% NOT DRIVING ON DESIGNATED ROADWAY………………….…..55% SWERVING……………………………………….......................……...55% SLOW SPEED(MORE THAN 10MPH BELOW LIMIT)……………...50% STOPPING WITHOUT CAUSE IN TRAFFIC……………………..….50% FOLLOWING TOO CLOSLEY…………………………………………50% DRIFTING…………………………………………………………………50% BRAKING ERRATICALLY……………………………………………..45% DRIVING INTO OPPOSING OR CROSS TRAFFIC…………………45% SIGNALLING INCONSISTENT WITH DRIVING ACTIONS………..40% SLOW RESPONSE TO TRAFFIC SIGNALS………………………...40% STOPPING INAPPROPRIATELY(OTHER THAN IN LANE)…..…..35% TURNING ABRUPTLY OR ILLEGALLY……………………………...35% ACCELERATING OR DECELERATING RAPIDLY………………....30% HEADLIGHTS OFF………………………………………………………30%

43. AIM HIGH IN STEERING GET THE BIG PICTURE KEEP YOUR EYES MOVING LEAVE YOURSELF AN OUT MAKE SURE THEY SEE YOU

44. PART IV

45. WHAT DO YOU KNOW ABOUT THEM? ARE THEY UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF ALCOHOL OR ANOTHER DRUG? ARE THEY EXTREMELY FATIGUED? ARE THEY ANGRY? FRUSTRATED? MATURE? IS THEIR VEHICLE SAFE? ARE THEY EXPERIENCED AS DRIVERS? ARE THEY COMPETENT BEHIND THE WHEEL?

46. DON’T FORGET YOUR KEYS AIM HIGH IN STEERING GET THE BIG PICTURE KEEP YOUR EYES MOVING LEAVE YOURSELF AN OUT MAKE SURE THEY SEE YOU

47. PART V

48. SEAT BELTS THERE WILL BE ABOUT 30,000 COLLISIONS TODAY ABOUT 50,000 PEOPLE WILL BE INVOLVED IF YOU WERE ONE OF THESE PEOPLE, WOULD YOU BE WEARING A SEAT BELT?

49. MOST COMMON REASONS FOR NOT USING SEATBELTS REASON 1: “I’M MORE LIKELY TO SURVIVE THE ACCIDENT IF I’M THROWN FROM THE VEHICLE” REASON 2: “SEAT BELTS ARE UNCOMFORTABLE.” REASON 3: “DURING HIGH SPEED TRAVEL, I USE BELTS. ON SHORT TRIPS OR WHEN I AM DRIVING SLOWLY. I DON’T THINK I NEED THEM.” REASON 4: “SEAT BELTS MAY TRAP ME IN A VEHICLE.”

50. MOST COMMON REASONS FOR NOT USING SEATBELTS REASON 5: “I HAVE DRIVEN FOR OVER THIRTY YEARS AND HAVE YET TO HAVE AN ACCIDENT. SEAT BELTS HAVE NEVER SAVED ME BEFORE, SO WHAT’S CHANGED?” REASON 6: “I RESENT LAWS THAT TELL ME THAT I HAVE TO WEAR MY SEAT BELT. I THINK I CAN DECIDE EHAT IS BEST FOR ME AND I DON’T WANT TO WEAR MY BELT.” REASON 7: “I GET IN AND OUT OF MY VEHICLE ALL DAY. IF I TAKE THE TIME TO BUCKLE AND UNBUCKLE THAT MANY TIMES, IT WILL PUT ME BEHIND SCHEDULE.”

51. THE MOST COMMON COLLISION DO YOU KNOW? 1.The first plan of attack is to try not to back 2.For your vehicle’s survival, plan for your departure upon your arrival 3.The closest space isn’t always the best space 4.Know what’s near before you put it in gear 5.Keep scanning as you roll, or a sudden change may take its toll. 6.Back slowly. Take your time, prepare to stop on a dime. 7.To know where danger hides, don’t forget the front or the sides 8.Find a place with plenty of space 9.Don’t leave it to trust, back no further than you must. 10.Control your fate, communicate.