1. Biochemistry

2. Macromolecules (large molecules):  Carbohydrates  Lipids  Proteins  Nucleic Acids These are Polymers ( many parts) constructed of Monomers (single part)

3. polymer

4. polymer

5. monomer

6. How to Connect Monomers- Hydrolysis-  Breaking apart polymer  Adding water molecule

7. Connecting Monomers- Dehydration reaction Hydrolysis-  Breaking apart polymer  Adding water molecule

8. Connecting Monomers- Dehydration reaction  joining monomers  loss of water molecule Hydrolysis-  Breaking apart polymer  Adding water molecule

9. Connecting Monomers- Dehydration reaction  joining monomers  loss of water molecule Hydrolysis-  Breaking apart polymer  Adding water molecule

10. Connecting Monomers- Dehydration reaction  this takes energy Hydrolysis-  Breaking apart polymer  Adding water molecule

11. Connecting Monomers- Dehydration reaction  this means energy must be added in order for the reaction to occur Putting together

12. Hydrolysis-  Breaking apart polymer  Adding water molecule Breaking apart polymers Hydrolysis- (break w/ water)  Adding water molecule

13. Hydrolysis-  Breaking apart polymer  Adding water molecule Breaking apart polymers Hydrolysis- (break w/ water)  Adding water molecule

14. Hydrolysis-  Breaking apart polymer  Adding water molecule Breaking apart polymers Hydrolysis- (break w/ water)  Adding water molecule

15. Hydrolysis-  Breaking apart polymer  Adding water molecule Breaking apart polymers Hydrolysis- (break w/ water)  Adding water molecule

16. Creating Monomers- Hydrolysis reaction  this gives off energy when this happens breaking up

17. Hydrolysis-  Breaking apart polymer  Adding water molecule explain to your partner what is happening

19. Macromolecules (large molecules):  Carbohydrates  Lipids  Proteins  Nucleic Acids

20. Carbohydrates-  Fuel - stores energy functions :  Building material - > in plants in animals in plants = cellulose (cell wall) in animals = chitin (insect/ lobster covering)

21. Carbohydrates- types:

22. 1)Monosaccharides  Single Sugar

23. Monosaccharides  Structure: Single Sugar  Function: Fuel for cell work ex. glucose - blood sugar fructose - fruit sugar lactose - ??

24. Monosaccharides - structure:  multiple of CH 2 O ex. glucose C 6 H 12 O 6

25. Disaccharides  Two sugar monomers joined by dehydration synthesis

26. Disaccharides  Two sugar monomers joined by dehydration synthesis - JOIN / SPIT OH-

27. Disaccharides  Two sugar monomers joined by dehydration synthesis  ex. sucrose - table sugar

28. Polysaccharides  Many monomers

29. Polysaccharides  Many monomers Functions: 1) Energy storage= starch starch (plant) glycogen (animal)

30. Polysaccharides  Many monomers  Functions: 1) Energy storage= 2) Structural support = cellulose

31. Polysaccharides 2) Structural support = cellulose

33. Macromolecules (large molecules):  Carbohydrates  Lipids  Proteins  Nucleic Acids

34. Lipids- Types: 11) Fat~ triglyceride 22) Phospholipid~ cell membranes 33) Steriod 44) Wax

35. Lipids- Structure = have a higher ratio of C & H than Oxygen

36. They HATE water Therefore, are they polar or nonpolar?

37. Lipids- (hydrophobic) 1111) Fats (triglyceride) - functions: -energy storage -cushion internal organs -insulation

38. Types of Lipids: Fats- structure 11 Glycerol FFatty acid chain = hydrophobic Energy storage Cushion

39. Types of Lipids: Fats- structure  Glycerol  Fatty acid chain = hydrophobic Energy storage Cushion +3 fatty acid chains

40. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E- u5j_Us8uI&safe=active

41. 2)Phospholipids- 2)Phospholipids- structure  1 hydrophilic head  2 hydrophobic tails

42. 2)Phospholipids- 2)Phospholipids- structure  1 hydrophilic head  2 hydrophobic tails

43. 3) Steroids -  4 Fused (connected) “rings” cholesterol, testosterone, estrogen

44. 4) Wax -  Long CH 2 chain

46. Macromolecules (large molecules):  Carbohydrates  Lipids  Proteins  Nucleic Acids

47. Proteins-  Monomer = amino acid  Polymer of amino acids = polypeptides-

48. Proteins- function depends on shape: 1)support 2)structure 3) enzymes

49. Amino Acids = monomer 20 types 20 types

50. Amino Acids C R(VARIABLE) H Carboxyl COOH amino group NH 2 20 types 20 types

51. Amino Acids C R H carboxyl amino group 20 types 20 types 20 varying molecules

52. Proteins-  - precise sequence of amino acids. amino - - carboxyl group group

53. Sequence of amino acids determines HOW the protein works

54. Shape determine s how the protein works

55. Macromolecules (large molecules):  Carbohydrates  Lipids  Proteins  Nucleic Acids

56. Nucleic Acids-  DNA  RNA Programs ALL organism function

57. Nucleic Acids- Composed of: nitrogen base, sugar, phosphate group = NUCLEOTIDE

58. DNARNA