2. 1 Electronics Hand Tools for Electronic Technicians Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.

3. 2 Presentation Overview Types of Hand Tools Tools and Their Uses Factors to Consider When Selecting Tools Tool Maintenance Procedures Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.

4. Tool Hazards Hand tools are non-powered. They include anything from axes to wrenches. The greatest hazards posed by hand tools result from misuse and improper maintenance. Examples Using a screwdriver as a chisel may cause the tip of the screwdriver to break and fly, hitting the user or others. If a wooden handle on a tool such as a hammer or an axe is loose, splintered, or cracked, the head of the tool may fly off and strike the user or others. A wrench must not be used if its jaws are sprung, because it might slip. Impact tools such as chisels, wedges, or drift pins are unsafe if they have mushroomed heads. The heads might shatter on impact, sending sharp fragments flying. 3 Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.

5. Employee vs. Employer Responsibilities The employer is responsible for the safe condition of tools and equipment used by employees, but the employees have the responsibility for properly using and maintaining tools. Employers should caution employees that saw blades, knives, or other tools be directed away from aisle areas and other employees working in close proximity. Knives and scissors must be sharp. Dull tools can be more hazardous than sharp ones. Appropriate personal protective equipment, e.g., safety goggles, gloves, etc., should be worn due to hazards that may be encountered while using portable power tools and hand tools. Safety requires that floors be kept as clean and dry as possible to prevent accidental slips with or around dangerous hand tools. 4 Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.

6. 5 Types of Hand Tools Long nose pliers Needle nose pliers Used for gripping and holding Can reach into narrow areas Work with small parts Diagonal side cutting pliers Cutting and stripping wire Can cut thin metal Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.

7. 6 Lineman’s side cutting pliers Heavy duty gripping and cutting Combination slip joint pliers Adjustable opening for a large number of gripping applications Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved. Types of Hand Tools (continued)

8. 7 Phillips head screwdrivers (and detail) Crossed head Sized by number Example- #2 (most common), #1 (smaller) Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved. Types of Hand Tools (continued) Flat head screwdrivers Straight head for slotted screws Sized using fractional inch Example- 1/4” and 1/8”

9. 8 Hacksaw Used for cutting metal Sheet metal Nuts and bolts Keyhole saw Used for cutting drywall or plasterboard Holes or openings for outlets in walls Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved. Types of Hand Tools (continued)

10. 9 6-in-1 tool Pliers, knife, screwdriver, can opener, scissors Adjustable wire strippers (and detail) Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved. Types of Hand Tools (continued)

11. 10 Crescent wrench Adjustable Fits a variety of nuts and bolt sizes Hex wrench Or Allen wrench Hexagon shape Six sides Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved. Types of Hand Tools (continued)

12. Socket wrench Ratcheting wrench A variety of removable sockets in different sizes Claw hammer Use the head to deliver a force or impact Use the claw as a pry 11 Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved. Types of Hand Tools (continued)

13. 12 Nut driver Socket at the end of a shaft Similar to screwdriver Used where space is limited Wire gauge A form of wire strippers with fixed opening sizes Also used for crimping Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved. Types of Hand Tools (continued)

14. 13 Hemostat clamps Curved and straight Designed for use in hospitals Used in electronics as heat sinks and clamping grippers Drill and drill bits Used to make holes Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved. Types of Hand Tools (continued)

15. 14 Ball peen hammer Mechanics hammer Compact mass on one side Peening hammer on the other Flat files Used to smooth metal Removes burrs and jagged edges Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved. Types of Hand Tools (continued)

16. 15 Digital Multimeter Measures - Voltage - Resistance - Current Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.

17. Voltage Test Voltage is measured across (in parallel with) a circuit or component The circuit must be energized Observe all electrical safety rules Set the meter to its highest scale Connect ground lead first Use only one hand if possible (use clip leads) 16 Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.

18. Resistance Test Measurement is also across a component or circuit Circuit must be de-energized Discharge all capacitors Be aware you may be reading parallel circuit resistance values Disconnect one lead of the component to be measured May have to de-solder a component 17 Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.

19. Current Test Meter goes in series with the circuit Will become part of the circuit De-energize the circuit first Make the connection, then turn power on May require different lead connections Never place a current meter across a component Meter will have low resistance Will blow the internal fuse 18 Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.

20. 19 Factors to Consider When Selecting Tools A. Tool size should be matched to the work most frequently encountered B. Purchasing quality tools is less expensive in the long run C. Tools should be specifically for electronic use when possible 1. Should have insulation on the handles of the pliers 2. Should have insulation on the handles of the screwdrivers D. Know the specifications before purchasing a tool (Note- When in doubt about what tools are best, consult a practicing electronics specialist in your area.) Examples Pliers, long chain nose, 5”, with plastic grip handles, and serrated jaws Flat blade screwdriver, electrician’s round shank, 6” x 3/16” blade with cushion grips Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.

21. General Tool Safety Keep all tools in good condition with regular maintenance Use the right tool for the job Examine each tool for damage before use Operate according to the manufacturer's instructions Provide and use the proper protective equipment 20 Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.

22. 21 Tool Maintenance Procedures A. Screwdrivers 1. Regrind worn or damaged flat head screwdrivers 2. Discard damaged Phillips screwdrivers B. Pliers 1. Keep pliers clean and rust free 2. Keep cutting edges sharp and smooth 3. Keep pliers working freely 4. Repair or replace damaged handle insulation C. Adjustable wrenches - Keep worm gears clean and lubricated D. All tools- identify tools by labeling with an electric vibrator pen or scratch awl Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.

23. 22 Presentation Summary Types of Hand Tools Tools and Their Uses Factors to Consider when Selecting Tools Tool Maintenance Procedures Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.