1. Chapter 10 Soft Tissue Injures
Brittney Morgan
&
Katie Larson

2. Vocabulary
Soft tissues - Body structures that include the layers of skin, fat, and muscles.
Wound - An injury to the soft tissue.
Burn - An injury to the skin or to other body tissues caused by heat, chemicals, electricity or radiation.
Dressing - A pad placed directly over a wound to absorb blood and other body fluids and to prevent infection.

3. Soft Tissues
The soft tissues include the layers of skin, fat, and muscle that protect the underlying body structures.
Epidermis – Provides a barrier to bacteria and other organisms that can cause infection.
Dermis – Contains the nerves, sweat glands, oil glands, and blood vessels.
Hypodermis – Contains fat, blood vessels and connective tissues.
Adipose – Insulates the body to help maintain body temperature, mechanical cushion, and source of energy.

4. Wounds
Closed wound – Skin’s surface is not broken; tissue damage and any bleeding occur below the surface
Contusion – The simplest closed wound, also called a bruise. When a bump or blow occurs, it results in damage to soft tissue layers and vessels, causing internal bleeding. Blood and other fluids seep into surrounding tissues, causing discoloration and swelling.

5. Closed Wounds
Contusion – The simplest closed wound, also called a bruise. When a bump or blow occurs, it results in damage to soft tissue layers and vessels, causing internal bleeding. Blood and other fluids seep into surrounding tissues, causing discoloration and swelling.

6. Signals of Severe Internal Bleeding:
Rapid breathing
Excessive thirst
An injured extremity that is blue or extremely pale

7. Open Wounds
Open wounds - Skin’s surface is broken and blood may come through

8. Open Wounds Abrasion – Skin that has been rubbed or scraped away.
Laceration – A cut, which may have either jagged or smooth edges.
Avulsion – A portion of the skin and sometimes other soft tissue is partially or completely torn away.
Amputation – A body part that is severed.
Puncture/Penetration – when the skin is pierced with a pointed object.

9. General Care
Minor Wounds
Major Wounds
Embedded/Impaled Objects

10. Minor Wounds Use a barrier between you and the victim
Apply direct pressure for a few minutes to control bleeding
Wash the wound thoroughly with soap and water and gently dry with clean gauze
Cover with clean dressing and a bandage
Wash hands immediately after

11. Major Wounds Call 911 or emergency local number Put on gloves
Control external bleeding by:
Cover with dressing and press firmly
Apply pressure bandage
If blood soaks through, do not remove the original bandage, add more

12. Major Wounds(page 2) Monitor persons condition
Have person rest comfortably
Wash your hands

13. Embedded/Impaled Objects
Call 911
Put on disposable gloves
Do not remove object
Apply direct pressure to edges of the wound
Use a bulky dressing to stabilize the object
Control bleeding by bandaging the dressing in place around the object
Wash hands immediately after

14. Infection Care: Keep area clean Soak in clean, warm water
Apply antibiotic ointment

15. Burns 1st Degree 2nd Degree 3rd Degree Care for burns Chemical
Electrical

16. 1st Degree Also called a superficial burn.
Involve only the top layer of skin
Cause skin to become red and dry; are usually painful; and the area may swell
Usually heal within a week

17. 2nd Degree Also called a partial-thickness burn.
Involve the top layers of skin
Cause skin to become red; are usually painful; have blisters that may open and weep clear fluid
Usually heal in 3 to 4 weeks

18. 3rd Degree Also called a full-thickness burn.
May destroy all layers of skin and some or all of the underlying structures.
The skin may be brown or black (charred), with the tissue underneath, can either be extremely painful or painless (If the burn destroys nerve endings).
Healing requires medical assistance; scarring is likely.

19. Care For Burns Heat (Thermal)
Stop the burning by removing the person from the source of the burn
Check for life-threatening conditions
Cool the burn with large amounts of cold running water
Cover loosely with a sterile dressing
Take steps to minimize shock
Comfort and reassure the person

20. Care For Burns Chemical
Remove the chemical from the skin, be careful not to get the chemical on yourself
Flush the burn with large amounts of cool running water. Continue for 20 minutes.
Take steps to minimize shock

21. Care For Burns Electrical Check the scene
If possible, turn off the power at its source and care for any life threatening emergencies
Call 911
Care for shock and thermal burns
Look for entry and exit wounds
Check for additional injuries