1. A Biographical Presentation By Stephen Cole Wolfgang Pauli

2. Some Contributions The Exclusion Principle The Neutrino Pauli Equation Spin Statistics Theorem Pauli, Nobel Prize portrait Image: "Wolfgang Pauli - Biography". Nobelprize.org. 5 May 2013 http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1945/pauli-bio.html

3. Early Life Born in 1900 in Austria Mentored by Ernst Mach “anti-metaphysical baptism” University of Hamburg Exceptional skill in mathematics Young Pauli Image: “Wolfgang Pauli young.” Fermilab. www.fnal.gov.

4. The Exclusion Principle (1924) Stern-Gerlach Experiment Found an unexpected behavior of electrons Particles split into upper and lower path Image: Knott, Theresa. “Stern-Gerlach Experiment.” Wikipedia Commons.

5. The Exclusion Principle (1924) All electrons have unique quantum number sets, so they cannot all fall to ground state “Two-valuedness not describable classically” Another quantum number, later called “spin” Electrons could now be grouped into orbitals to explain their behavior Led to Hund’s rule and the Aufbau principle, essential to chemistry

6. Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) in Zürich Succeeded Peter Debye as professor of theoretical physics in 1928 Image: ZachT. “Main building of the Swiss Institute of Technology in Zürich (ETH).” Wikipedia Commons. 2006. The main building of ETH, 2006

7. The Neutrino (1930) Then-unexplained energy loss in beta decay threatened the rule of Conservation of Energy Neils Bohr was ready to accept that atoms simply do not follow classical conservation laws Pauli presented a new explanation

8. The Neutrino (1930) “Desperate Remedy” for energy conservation Later named “neutrino” (little neutral one) by Enrico Fermi Image: Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility - Office of Science Education. “Beta Decay.” Jefferson Lab. 4 May. 2013. http://education.jlab.org/glossary/betadecay.html.

9. The Neutrino (1930) Reines-Cowan Experiment (1953-1956) confirmed the existence of the neutrino Left: Frederick Reines, Right: Clyde Cowan Image: Kutner, Marc L; Pasachoff, Jay M. “Neutrinos for Interstellar Communication.” Cosmic Search Magazine. 1979. North American Astrophysical Laboratory. Web. 5 May 2013.

10. Personal Life Mother passed away in 1927 Marriage in 1929 ended in divorce after a year Pauli turned to psychoanalysis for therapy Met Carl Gustav Jung in 1930

11. Pauli and Jung Pauli turned away from prevailing positivist philosophy in favor of Jung’s synchronicity Therapy ended in 1934 with Pauli’s second marriage Pauli and Jung kept a regular correspondence “Carl Gustav Jung.” borrasart. Web. 5 May 2013. http://www.borrasart.com/jungenglish.htm.

12. Spin-Statistics Theorem (1940) Result of Quantum Field Theory Fermion: half-integer-spin particle Follows the exclusion principle Protons, neutrinos and beta particles are fermions Boson: integer-spin particle Does not obey the exclusion principle

13. Mysterious “Pauli Effect” Notoriously bad experimentalist “This isn’t right, it’s not even wrong” Famous criticism for pseudoscience

14. The Late Pauli Pauli escaped to New Jersey to avoid persecution by Nazi Germany, became an American citizen 1945 Nobel Prize ceremony was held away from its regular location for Pauli Returned to ETH in 1946 where he remained Received Max Planck medal in 1958, passed away shortly afterwards

15. Works Cited “Max-Planck-Medaille.” German Physical Society. 2013. Web. 5 May. 2013. “Pioneers in Magnetism and Electricity: Wolfgang Pauli.” Magnet Lab. 2013. Web. 4 May. 2013. “Wolfgang Pauli.” Encyclopedia Britannica. 2013. Web. 30 Apr. 2013.