1. Prepared by Gary B. McGee How Pentecostalism Came to Ohio: 1906-1907

2. Prepared by Gary B. McGee Early Pentecostal revivals: 1901-07 Topeka—1901 Charles F. Parham frames the Pentecostal doctrine of Spirit baptism with speaking in tongues as the “Bible evidence.” Houston—1905 Parham and the members of the Apostolic Faith Movement evangelize in Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas. Los Angeles—1906 Azusa Street Revival; William J. Seymour; news goes around the world: THE APOSTOLIC FAITH (L.A.), EVANGELISTS (e.g. Ivey Campbell)

3. Prepared by Gary B. McGee Early Pentecostal revivals: 1906-7 Alliance, OH Zion City (Topeka) Nyack Memphis Dunn, NC Los Angeles Houston

4. Prepared by Gary B. McGee Ground already prepared for Pentecostalism in Ohio “Branches” of the Christian and Missionary Alliance, founded by A. B. Simpson Holiness churches—for example, among some Quakers with holiness theology in the Ohio Yearly Meeting of Friends Paramount concern: spiritual enablement for the evangelization of the world; the restoration of the spirituality of the New Testament church

5. Prepared by Gary B. McGee Ohio “Branches” of the Christian and Missionary Alliance (C&MA) ToledoCleveland Akron Youngstown New Castle Findlay Norwalk Flushing Pittsburgh Dayton Columbus Cambridge

6. Prepared by Gary B. McGee Evangelist Ivey G. Campbell (1874-1918) East Liverpool Los Angeles

7. Prepared by Gary B. McGee Campbell’s itinerary Arrives in Los Angeles Baptized in HS at Azusa Street Returns to East Liverpool (11/06) Ministry in Akron in December 1906 Other revival services follow in Cleveland; Springboro and Pittsburgh, PA Featured speaker at Pentecostal camp meeting at Alliance, OH in June 1907

8. Prepared by Gary B. McGee C&MA leaders in Ohio who become Pentecostal Rev. A. S. Copley —Cambridge: founds “Grace and Glory”; co-edits The Pentecost with J. Roswell Flower in Kansas City Rev. W. A. Cramer —Cleveland: Pentecostal who remains in the Alliance Rev. Daniel W. Kerr —Dayton: joins AG; later pastor of First Pentecostal Church in Cleveland; founds CBC and models it and Southern California Bible College (Vanguard) and Glad Tidings Bible Institute (Bethany) after the Missionary Training Institute at Nyack, NY

9. Prepared by Gary B. McGee C&MA leaders in Ohio who become Pentecostal Rev. Claudius A. McKinney —Akron: joins AG; formerly C&MA missionary in Congo (c.1895- 1900); preaches in Findlay—T. K. Leonard baptized in HS and later starts Bible school Rev. David W. Myland —Columbus: becomes independent Pentecostal; ordains J. Roswell Flower in Plainfield, Indiana Rev. Etta Wurmser —Norwalk: starts Bible and Missionary Training School in Norwalk; moves school to Findlay in 1914; leader in Nat’l and Int’l Pentecostal Missionary Union; has following in Bucyrus, Fremont, Mansfield, Tiffin, Sandusky, Elyria, Lake Erie Islands.

10. Prepared by Gary B. McGee 1907 Alliance, OH camp meeting Levi R. Lupton. A holiness- Quaker pastor and evangelist Attends Campbell’s meetings in Akron; baptized in HS Missionary Home at Alliance: HQ, Bible school Sponsors June 1907 camp meeting Perhaps 600 to 700 in attendance; the tents are mixed; interracial meetings

11. Prepared by Gary B. McGee 1907 camp meeting Pentecostals come from near and far to attend the meetings, including some from Canada Prominent attendees include J. Roswell Flower, Joseph H. King, and Frank Bartleman Major impact on spread of Pentecostalism in Ohio and the mid-east 1908 camp meeting issues a “missionary manifesto”: a year later, Lupton and others organize Pentecostal Missionary Union, first American Pentecostal mission agency

12. Prepared by Gary B. McGee Recommended reading McGee, Gary B. “Levi Lupton: A Forgotten Pioneer of Early Pentecostalism.” In Faces of Renewal, ed. Paul Elbert, 192-208. Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson Publishers, 1988. Nienkirchen, Charles W. A. B. Simpson and the Pentecostal Movement. Peabody, Mass: Hendrickson Publishers, 1992. Owen, Michael G. “Preparing Students for the First Harvest, 1905-1935: Five Early Ohio Bible Schools— Forerunners of Today’s Colleges.” Assemblies of God Heritage 9 (Winter 1989-1990): 3-5, 16-19. Robeck, Jr., Cecil M. The Azusa Street Mission & Revival. Nashville: Nelson Reference and Electronic, 2006.