1. Carbohydrates Chapter 22

2. Carbohydrates - Ch. 22 1. Classify and give the IUPAC name for the following sugars:

3. Carbohydrates - Ch. 22 2. What is the relationship between D and L glucose? a. Enantiomers b. Diastereomers c. Epimers d. Structural isomers

4. Carbohydrates - Ch. 22 3. What’s the relationship between D-mannose and D- glucose?

5. Carbohydrates - Ch. 22 4. Predict the products and determine if optically active or inactive: A. B.

6. Carbohydrates - Ch. 22 5. Draw and name an aldohexose that will get reduced to the same alditol as D-talose.

7. Carbohydrates - Ch. 22 6. Predict and name the products:

8. Carbohydrates - Ch. 22 7. Compare and name the products for the oxidation of D-mannose with Br 2 in water verses the oxidation with nitric acid (HNO 3 ).

9. Carbohydrates - Ch. 22 8. Draw and name two D-aldohexoses that will produce an optically inactive aldaric acid upon oxidation with HNO 3.

10. Carbohydrates - Ch. 22 9. Draw and name a sugar that will form the same aldaric acid as D-arabinose.

11. Carbohydrates - Ch. 22 10. Ketones will not get oxidized by Tollens’ reagent (Ag +, NH 3, OH - ) however ketoses will get oxidized. Explain. Predict the products for D-fructose with Tollens reagent.

12. Carbohydrates - Ch. 22 11. Draw the osazone for D-glucose. What other sugars will form the same osazone?

13. Carbohydrates - Ch. 22 12. Predict the products.

14. Carbohydrates - Ch. 22 13. Predict the products. What other sugar will produce the same product?

15. Carbohydrates - Ch. 22 14. Aldohexoses A and B form the same osazone. Compound A is oxidized by nitric acid to an optically active aldaric acid, and compound B is oxidized to an optically inactive aldaric acid. Wohl degradation of either A or B forms aldopentose C, which is oxidized by nitric acid to an optically active aldaric acid. Wohl degradation of C forms D, which is oxidized by nitric acid to an optically active aldaric acid. Wohl degration of D forms (+)-glyceraldehyde. Identify A, B, C and D.

16. Carbohydrates - Ch. 22 15. Draw and name the alpha and beta Haworth and chair conformers for the following sugars. a. D-glucose b. D-mannose c. L-galactose d. D-ribose e. D-fructose

17. Carbohydrates - Ch. 22 16. Explain mutarotation

18. Carbohydrates - Ch. 22 17. Predict and name the products:

19. Carbohydrates - Ch. 22 18. What does it mean to be a reducing sugar? Which of the following are considered reducing sugars?

20. Carbohydrates - Ch. 22 19. Name four disaccharides and describe the differences between them

21. Carbohydrates - Ch. 22 20. Name four polysaccharides and describe the differences between them

22. Carbohydrates - Ch. 22