1. Welcome This is a document to explains the chosen concept to the animator. This will take you through a 5 section process to provide the necessary details to the animator before starting the animation. The legend on the left will indicate the current status of the document. The big Black coloured number will denote the current section, the Grey color would denote the completed sections, and the Turquoise color would denote the remaining sections. The slides having yellow background (like this one) are the 'Instruction slides' 5 2 1 4 3

2. Transform Fault Transform plate boundaries are locations where two plates slide past one another. The fracture zone that forms a transform plate boundary is known as a ‘transform fault’. Most transform faults are found in the ocean basins and connect offsets in the mid-ocean ridges. Few of them connect mid-oceanic ridges and subduction zones. All transform faults are strike-slip faults because rocks on either side of the fault move parallel to the fault itself. But not all strike-slip faults are transform faults. *The contents in this ppt are licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.5 India license  Related LOs: > Prior Viewing: graduation level of fundamental of structural Geology > Future Viewing :  Course Name: Structural Geology Level: Post graduation  Author: Arpita Roy  Mentor: Prof. Soumyajit Mukherjee

3. Learning objectives 5 3 2 4 1 After interacting with this Learning Object, the learner will be able to: Explain the process associated with transform fault Describe the different types of transform fault

4. Keywords/ Definitions 5 3 2 4 1 Strike- slip fault: The slip of blocks along a fault is horizontal (i.e. slip is along the strike o f the fault plane). The fault motion of a strike-slip fault is caused by shearing forces Mid-oceanic ridges: These are divergent plate boundaries where oceanic plates move away from each other. The molten material comes to the ocean floor, cools and added to the oceanic plate Subduction zones (trenches): These are a type of convergent plate boundary where the two plates move towards one another. The oceanic plate (denser plate) will go under the continental plate (lighter plate) Arc/volcanic arc: A usually arc-shaped chain of volcanoes located on the margin of the overriding plate at a convergent plate boundary

5. Master layout or diagram Make a schematic diagram of the concept Explain the animator about the beginning and ending of the process. Draw image big enough for explaining. In the image, identify and label different components of the process/phenomenon. (These are like characters in a film) ‏ Illustrate the basic flow of action by using arrows. Use BOLD lines in the diagram (minimum 2pts.) ‏ In the slide after that, provide the definitions of ALL the labels used in the diagram You may have multiple master layouts. In this case, number the master layout. (e.g. Master layout 1, 2, 3…) ‏ 5 3 1 4 2

6. Master layout: 1 Active Ridge- Ridge transform fault Inactive fracture zone AB a b Spreading center 5 3 1 4 2 Fig. 1

7. Master layout: 2 Active Ridge- Ridge transform fault Inactive fracture zone Spreading center 5 3 1 4 2 Fig. 2

8. Stepwise description of process The goal of the document is to provide instructions to an animator who is not a expert. You have to describe what steps the animator should take to make your concept come alive as a moving visualization. Use one slide per step. This will ensure clarity of the explanation. Add a image of the step in the box, and the details in the table below the box. You can use any images for reference, but mention about it's copyright status The animator will have to re-draw / re-create the drawings Add more slides as per the requirement of the animation 5 2 1 4 3

9. Active Ridge- Ridge transform fault Inactive fracture zone AB Step: 1 Movement of the two blocks related to transform fault ab Fig. 1 Description of the actionAudio narrationText to be displayed 1)Show two different blocks A and B 2)Show the fault line ab (marked by green colour) 3)Show the displacement of the two blocks by half arrows over the fault line (has circled here) 4)Time duration for the action will be 5 seconds 5) As the two blocks A and B moves apart from each other, the ridge will also move from each other (has shown in Step:2) Faulting has taken place between the two blocks A and B. Due to the faulting, the two ridges has departed from each other (shown in next Fig). Spreading center 5 2 1 4 3

10. Active Ridge- Ridge transform fault Inactive fracture zone Spreading center ab A B Description of the actionAudio narrationText to be displayed 1)Show the spreading of the ridge zone by blue colored arrows 2)Spreading center was joined earlier (in Fig. 1) and when it spreads, the area fills with red colour 3)The spreading of the ridge zone should be shown for A and B blocks both 4)Time duration for this action will be 10 seconds Step: 2 Movement of the two blocks related to transform fault 5 2 1 4 3

11. Animation design Please see the design template provided in the next slide. This is a sample template, and you are free to change as per your design requirements. Try and rename the tabs / buttons / sections / subsections as shown in the template. Use ‘callouts’ as shown above to explain the source of content. Ex: If the call out is placed at the Tab 01, and you want the content to be taken from slide 3 of this presentation, then place this callout on the Tab 01, and write ‘Slide 3’ inside the callout. Slide 3 5 2 1 3 4

12. Animation design Show the relative movement of the fault line ab (shown by green colored here). Time duration for Fig. 1 is 5 seconds and Fig. 2 is 10 seconds. The green arrow indicates the transformation from Fig. 1 to Fig. 2. Credits Interactivity area Start Replay Model 1 Summary Definitions Model 2 Model 3 Active Ridge- Ridge transform fault Inactive fracture zone a b AB A B ab Fig. 1 Fig. 2 5 2 1 3 4

13. Self- Assessment Questionnaire for Learners Please provide a set of questions that a user can answer based on the LO. They can be of the following types: – These questions should be 5 in number and can be of objective type (like MCQ, Match the columns, Yes or No, Sequencing, Odd One Out). – The questions can also be open-ended. The user would be asked to think about the question. The author is requested to provide hints if possible, but a full answer is not necessary. – One can include questions, for which the user will need to interact with the LO (with certain parameters) in order to answer it. – It is better to avoid questions based purely on recall. APPENDIX 1

14. Questionnaire: Choose the correct one: 1) Transform fault is related to a) Dip slip fault, during movement the two blocks slipped past each other b) Strike –slip fault, plates horizontally past each other where lithosphere is not created or destroyed c) None of these d) Transform fault is unique phenomena, it is not related with any of the structural feature. 2) Transform fault is a) a local scale phenomenon b) a large scale phenomenon c) None of these d) a simple strike slip fault APPENDIX 1

15. Questionnaire: 3) In transform fault (in our considered case) which part is the most active zone and why? (You must follow the Fig.) a)The spreading center part, as from this part the two blocks move apart b) The part where the two ridges show strike slip movement (has marked by half arrows with circled), due to the movement of this part two ridges of each block slightly past each other c) Both of these zones are active d) None of these Active Ridge- Ridge transform fault A B ab

16. Links for further reading In the next slide, provide some reference reading material for the users. It could be books, reference publications, or website URLs. APPENDIX 2

17. Links for further reading APPENDIX 2 1.http://geology.com/nsta/transform-plate-boundaries.shtml 2.http://www.enotes.com/transform-faults-reference/transform-faults 3.Fossen H., 2010. Structural Geology. Cambridge University press, Cambridge. pp. 356-358 4.Twiss R. J., Moores E. M., 2007. Structural Geology. W.H. Freeman and Company, New York. pp. 601-611

18. Summary Please provide points to remember to understand the concept/ key terms of the animation, in the next slide. The summary will help the user in the quick review of the concept. APPENDIX 3

19. Summary APPENDIX 3 In a transform fault, both plates move parallel to the fault plane located between the two plates. Such faults occur at places where two plates move past each other or at offsets of the mid-oceanic ridges. Even if both the plates move in the same direction, they do at different speeds. So relative to each other, the plates still move in opposite directions. The length of the active section of the fault remains constant with time.