1. Unwritten Constitution Just because its not there doesn’t mean we don’t do it!

2. Defined Ideas and processes that are accepted as a needed part of American government, regardless of the fact that they are not actually in the Constitution. Ideas and processes that are accepted as a needed part of American government, regardless of the fact that they are not actually in the Constitution. Custom and Precedent Custom and Precedent

3. Presidential Cabinet Based on Washington’s precedent Based on Washington’s precedent Advisors Advisors There are now 14 positions There are now 14 positions Secretary Of State ThomasJefferson Secretary of TreasuryAlexanderHamilton WarHenryKnox AttorneyGeneralEdmundRandolph

4. Today, the president's cabinet consists of the secretaries/heads of the 14 major departments of the executive branch (a few examples include: The Attorney General of the Justice Department, The Secretary of Defense of the Defense Department and The Secretary of State of the State Department). Today, the president's cabinet consists of the secretaries/heads of the 14 major departments of the executive branch (a few examples include: The Attorney General of the Justice Department, The Secretary of Defense of the Defense Department and The Secretary of State of the State Department).

5. Congressional Committees “Backbone of Congress“ “Backbone of Congress“ not defined in the Constitution. not defined in the Constitution. The Congress soon had to much to do. They broke the work down into committees. The Congress soon had to much to do. They broke the work down into committees. Can you think of any? Can you think of any? armed services committee armed services committee foreign relations committee, appropriations committee foreign relations committee, appropriations committee

6. Political Parties Federalists FederalistsFavored Rule by the wealthy Rule by the wealthy Strong Federal Gov’t Strong Federal Gov’t Loose interpretation of Constitution Loose interpretation of Constitution British Alliance British Alliance National Bank National Bank Protective Tariffs Protective Tariffs Focus- Manufacture Focus- Manufacture Democratic Republicans Favored Rule by the people Strong State Gov’t Strict interpretation French Alliance State Banks Free Trade Focus- Agriculture

7. Current Political Parties Democratic Party (1828 modern, 1792 historic) Democratic Party (1828 modern, 1792 historic) Democratic Party Democratic Party Republican Party (1854) Republican Party (1854) Republican Party Republican Party Libertarian Party (1971) Libertarian Party (1971) Libertarian Party Libertarian Party Constitution Party (1992) Constitution Party (1992) Constitution Party Constitution Party Green Party (1996) Green Party (1996) Green Party Green Party

8. Others America First Party (2002) America First Party (2002) America First Party America First Party Boston Tea Party (2006) Boston Tea Party (2006) Boston Tea Party Boston Tea Party Centrist Party (United States) (2006) Centrist Party (United States) (2006) Centrist Party (United States) Centrist Party (United States) Independence Party of America (2007) Independence Party of America (2007) Independence Party of America Independence Party of America Jefferson Republican Party (2006) Jefferson Republican Party (2006) Jefferson Republican Party Jefferson Republican Party Moderate Party (2006) Moderate Party (2006) Moderate Party Moderate Party Marijuana Party (2002) Marijuana Party (2002) Marijuana Party Marijuana Party Party for Socialism and Liberation (2004) Party for Socialism and Liberation (2004) Party for Socialism and Liberation Party for Socialism and Liberation Peace and Freedom Party (1967) - active primarily in California Peace and Freedom Party (1967) - active primarily in California Peace and Freedom PartyCalifornia Peace and Freedom PartyCalifornia Prohibition Party (1867) Prohibition Party (1867) Prohibition Party Prohibition Party Reform Party of the United States of America (1995) - currently divided into two factions both using the name of the "Reform Party" Reform Party of the United States of America (1995) - currently divided into two factions both using the name of the "Reform Party" Reform Party of the United States of America Reform Party of the United States of America Socialist Equality Party (1953) Socialist Equality Party (1953) Socialist Equality Party Socialist Equality Party Socialist Party USA (1973) Socialist Party USA (1973) Socialist Party USA Socialist Party USA Socialist Workers Party (1938) Socialist Workers Party (1938) Socialist Workers Party Socialist Workers Party United States Pacifist Party (1983)[1] United States Pacifist Party (1983)[1] United States Pacifist Party[1] United States Pacifist Party[1] Workers World Party (1959) Workers World Party (1959) Workers World Party Workers World Party Working Families Party (1998) Working Families Party (1998) Working Families Party Working Families Party American Party (1969) American Party American Centrist Party (2004) American Centrist Party American Patriot Party (2003) American Patriot Party American Heritage Party (2000) American Heritage Party American Reform Party (1997) American Reform Party American Synthesis Party (2000) American Synthesis Party Christian Falangist Party of America (1985) Christian Falangist Party of America Communist Party USA (1919) Communist Party USA Freedom Road Socialist Organization (1985) Freedom Road Socialist Organization Freedom Socialist Party (1966) Freedom Socialist Party Independent American Party (1998) Independent American Party Labor Party (1995) Labor Party Light Party [2][2] Libertarian National Socialist Green Party (1997) Libertarian National Socialist Green Party Modern Whig Party (2007) Modern Whig Party National Socialist Movement (1974) National Socialist Movement New American Independent Party (2004) New American Independent Party New Black Panther Party (1989) New Black Panther Party New Union Party (1974) New Union Party Populist Party of America (2002) Populist Party of America Progressive Labor Party Progressive Labor Party Ray O. Light Group (1961) Ray O. Light Group Revolutionary Communist Party, USA Revolutionary Communist Party, USA Social Democratic Party of America (2007) Social Democratic Party of America Socialist Action (1983) Socialist Action Socialist Alternative (1986) Socialist Alternative Socialist Labor Party (1876) Socialist Labor Party Unity08 (2006) Unity08 Veterans Party (2003) Veterans Party Workers Party, USA Workers Party, USA World Socialist Party of the United States (1916) World Socialist Party of the United States

9. Unwritten Constitution Continued Defined- Defined- The power of the judicial branch of government to decide whether or not acts of government are constitutional. Judges maintain limited government and the rule of law by upholding the supremacy of the Constitution relative to all branches of government. Judges maintain limited government and the rule of law by upholding the supremacy of the Constitution relative to all branches of government.

10. Background 1789 -Congress passed the Judiciary Act, which gave federal courts the power of judicial review over acts of state government 1789 -Congress passed the Judiciary Act, which gave federal courts the power of judicial review over acts of state government In 1803, the power of judicial review was used for the first time by the U.S. Supreme Court to declare an act of Congress unconstitutional In 1803, the power of judicial review was used for the first time by the U.S. Supreme Court to declare an act of Congress unconstitutional

11. Marbury v. Madison WILLIAM MARBURY v. JAMES MADISON, SECRETARY OF STATE OF THE UNITED STATES. 1803 John Marshall- Supreme Court Justice “ FOREVER REMEMBERED AS THE FIRST TIME THE JUDICIAL BRANCH EXERTED ITS POWER TO REVIEW A DECISION OF ANOTHER BRANCH” Establishes Judicial Review