2. Stephen A. Douglas Presses for Popular Sovereignty: Nebraska Territory would decide if they have slavery or not through popular sovereignty, voters in this territory would vote themselves to decide.Nebraska Territory would decide if they have slavery or not through popular sovereignty, voters in this territory would vote themselves to decide.

3. Congress Debates the Kansas-Nebraska Act: Stephen A. Douglas divides the Nebraska Territory into two distinct territories – Kansas and Nebraska.Stephen A. Douglas divides the Nebraska Territory into two distinct territories – Kansas and Nebraska.

4. Congress Debates the Kansas- Nebraska Act: The idea was that Kansas would become a slave state and Nebraska would be a free state – in 1854, Congress passed this proposal and called it the Kansas-Nebraska Act.The idea was that Kansas would become a slave state and Nebraska would be a free state – in 1854, Congress passed this proposal and called it the Kansas-Nebraska Act.

5. Congress Debates the Kansas- Nebraska Act: Some northerners pointed out that the Kansas-Nebraska Act nullified the Missouri Compromise by allowing slavery to spread to areas than had been free for more than 30 yearsSome northerners pointed out that the Kansas-Nebraska Act nullified the Missouri Compromise by allowing slavery to spread to areas than had been free for more than 30 years

8. Kansas attracted settlers – northern and southern – with political motives.Kansas attracted settlers – northern and southern – with political motives. Each group wanted to outnumber the other, so that when it came to vote for slavery or not, they would control the government.Each group wanted to outnumber the other, so that when it came to vote for slavery or not, they would control the government.

9. Two Governments Are Established: FIRST GOVERNMENT Proslavery residents from Missouri, known as Border Ruffians, swept into Kansas and coerced local voters into voting for proslavery candidates; they also cast illegal votesProslavery residents from Missouri, known as Border Ruffians, swept into Kansas and coerced local voters into voting for proslavery candidates; they also cast illegal votes

10. FIRST GOVERNEMNT The new legislature, government, quickly passed proslavery laws, including penalties for antislavery agitation and a requirement that officeholders take a proslavery oath.The new legislature, government, quickly passed proslavery laws, including penalties for antislavery agitation and a requirement that officeholders take a proslavery oath. Lecompton, KansasLecompton, Kansas

11. Two Governments Are Established: Second Government (Topeka Gov.): Northern abolitionists rushed into Kansas. They set up a government in Lawrence, Kansas (No Slavery)Northern abolitionists rushed into Kansas. They set up a government in Lawrence, Kansas (No Slavery) These settlers joined other free- state advocates in establishing an anti-slavery government in Topeka, Kansas.These settlers joined other free- state advocates in establishing an anti-slavery government in Topeka, Kansas.

12. Violence Grips the New Territory: Border Ruffians – Proslavery – raided antislavery town of Lawrence, Kansas.Border Ruffians – Proslavery – raided antislavery town of Lawrence, Kansas. They pillaged homes, burned down the Free State Hotel, and destroyed the presses of The Kansas Free State newspaper.They pillaged homes, burned down the Free State Hotel, and destroyed the presses of The Kansas Free State newspaper.

14. John Brown: A New York abolitionist –who moved to KansasA New York abolitionist –who moved to Kansas With his sons and a few friends, Brown carried out midnight execution of five proslavery settlersWith his sons and a few friends, Brown carried out midnight execution of five proslavery settlers When this story reached the East, abolitionists were stunned.When this story reached the East, abolitionists were stunned.

15. John Brown: In Kansas both proslavery and antislavery advocates armed for battle.In Kansas both proslavery and antislavery advocates armed for battle. Throughout the fall of 1856, violent outbreaks occurred near Lawrence, Kansas.Throughout the fall of 1856, violent outbreaks occurred near Lawrence, Kansas. THIS IS KNOWN AS BLEEDING KANSASTHIS IS KNOWN AS BLEEDING KANSAS

16. Although Border Ruffians, proslavery, had determined the outcome to make Kansas ProslaveryAlthough Border Ruffians, proslavery, had determined the outcome to make Kansas Proslavery President Franklin Pierce urged Congress to admit Kansas as a slave state in 1858.President Franklin Pierce urged Congress to admit Kansas as a slave state in 1858. Kansas enters as a free state in 1861, after the Civil War had already begunKansas enters as a free state in 1861, after the Civil War had already begun