1. 1 Seminar, Higher education professionals, Utrecht University Trust in distrust: On clashes between performance and professional logics (and how to handle them) October 10, 2014 Prof.dr Mirko Noordegraaf (m.noordegraaf@uu.nl)m.noordegraaf@uu.nl Utrecht School of Governance (Utrecht University) & Focus area Professional performance, Univ. Utrecht

2. 2 Puzzle How to perform professionally? – as university, but also as hospital, law court, school, etc. I.e., how to establish and account for results, and keep professionals happy and motivated, and cope with political demands and public expectations?

3. 3 Puzzle

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5. 5 COSTS & CONTROL PREFERENCES & DEMANDS ERRORS & FAILURE

6. 6 Old and new logics Professional logic (1.0) Performance logic (2.0) The professionalThe product -‘Case treatment’ -Professional autonomy -Own standards and routines -Clients and customers -Disciplining (of) professionals -Transparent outcomes

7. 7 Conflicts and clashes Professional logic (1.0) Performance logic (2.0) The professionalThe product -‘Case treatment’ -Professional autonomy -Own standards and routines -Clients and customers -Disciplining (of) professionals -Transparent outcomes

8. 8 Beyond (binary) opposition? Professional logic (1.0) Performance logic (2.0) The professionalThe product -‘Case treatment’ -Professional autonomy -Standards and routines -Clients and customers -Disciplining professionals -Transparent outcomes

9. 9 Beyond (binary) opposition Professional logic (1.0) Performance logic (2.0) The professionalThe product -‘Case treatment’ -Professional autonomy -Standards and routines -Clients and customers -Disciplining professionals -Transparent outcomes Organizational logic (3.0) The professional organization -Hybrid structures -Meaningful management -Accountable results

10. 10 Beyond (binary) opposition Professional logic (1.0) Performance logic (2.0) The professionalThe product -‘Case treatment’ -Professional autonomy -Standards and routines -Clients and customers -Disciplining professionals -Transparent outcomes Organizational logic (3.0) Organizing logic (4.0) The professional organization Professional processes -Hybrid structures -Meaningful management -Accountable results -Stakeholders -Inter- professional links -Legitimacy/ responsibility

11. 11 Beyond (binary) opposition Professional logic (1.0) Performance logic (2.0) The professionalThe product -‘Case treatment’ -Professional autonomy -Standards and routines -Clients and customers -Disciplining professionals -Transparent outcomes Organizational logic (3.0) Organising logic (4.0) The professional organization Professional processes -Hybrid structures -Meaningful management -Accountable results -Stakeholders -Inter- professional links -Legitimacy/ responsibility

12. 12 Organizing professionalism; implications For organizational participants: ‘Positive coping’ with complex conditions, trade-offs and distrust.

13. 13 Organizing professionalism Against (societal) context, at various levels: 1.Case treatment (collaboration, innovation, use of technology, etc.) 2.Multiple case treatment (planning, prioritization, speed, budgetary constraints, etc.) 3.(Multiple) case treatment in demanding societies (advocacy, coalitions, justification, etc.) [Noordegraaf, Hybrid Professionalism, Adm.& Society 2007; Noordegraaf, Risky business, Org. Studies 2011; Noordegraaf, Reconfigured professionalism, Adm. & Society 2014; Hybridity and beyond, J. of Professions and Organization 2015]

14. 14 Organizing professionalism in health care

15. 15 Organizing professionalism (in higher education) How? 1.Professional schooling and education: investing in new/young researchers/lecturers 2.Smart (instead of SMART) interventions: supporting joint/coordinated action 3.Connective mechanisms: positioning people, creating forms and interactions, setting examples