1. Burns Institute How Do We Get There? Successful Strategies to Reduce Racial/Ethnic Disparities

2. Common Barriers Growing Numbers/”Gang” Problems Availability/Effectiveness of CBO’s YOC Persistence Unclear Goals re: Disparities Social Problem Lack of Transparency/Power Sharing Lack of Sense of Urgency Failure to Admit Issue

3. How Has Your Jurisdiction Defined Success? Reducing Numbers of Youth of Color in Detention? Reducing Percentage of Youth of Color in Detention? Reducing the Inappropriate Detention of Youth of Color? “Majority/Minority” Jurisdictions

4. Demographics Youth population within County Total Youth Population Detention Eligible Youth Population Disaggregate By Race Ethnicity Gender Geography Offense

5. Data Informed Conversation African American youth represent 3% of the general youth population, but 11% of youth in detention. Latino youth represent 24% of the general youth population but 59% of youth in detention.

6. African American and Latino Youth are over-represented.

7. Data Informed Conversation Percentage Actual Numbers

8. YearAfr AmerAsi AmerCaucasHispanNat AmerUnkTotal 2002 17 (10.3%) 1 (1%) 53 (32.1%) 79 (47.9%) 15 (9.1%) 1 (1%) 165 2003 17 (9.7%) 1 (1%) 54 (30.7%) 84 (47.7%) 19 (10.8%) 1 (1%) 176 2004 17 (9.8%) 1 (1%) 53 (30.6%) 82 (47.4%) 18 (10.4%) 1 (1%) 173 2005 15 (11% 1 (1%) 41 (30.1%) 64 (47.1%) 14 (10.3%) 1 (1%) 136 2006 14 (11%) 1 (1%) 31 (24.4%) 69 (54.3%) 11 (8.7%) 1 (1%) 127 2007 13 (11%) 1 (1%) 32 (27.1%) 62 (52.5%) 10 (8.5%) 1 (1%) 118 Yearly Avg. Detention Count By Ethnicity

9. Has Your Jurisdiction Reached Consensus on Purpose for Detention? Statutory Risk of Flight/Reoffense Policy v. Discretionary Holds Stabilization/No Other Alternative Provision of Services Punishment How Do We Measure

10. Purpose of Detention Statement Recognizing that even under the best of circumstances detention can have a significant negative impact on a juvenile; the Executive Committee adopts a statement that supports the use of detention for juveniles charged with a crime only under narrowly prescribed circumstances while simultaneously developing less restrictive alternatives in the community.

11. Is Your Governance Structure Geared for Success re: Disparities Structure of Governing Collaborative Level of cohesion among stakeholders  Involvement of Supervisors/Line Staff  Involvement of Community Dynamics of the Governing Collaborative Capacity and ability to access and analyze data strategically Meeting Structure and Dynamics Level of political will within jurisdiction to address the problem “Yeah, but” Culture

12. Is Your Governance Structure Geared for Success re: Disparities Is There Numerical Disparity? What Accounts for the Disparity? Offense Driven DV, Robbery, Assaults Structural Administrative Decisions Warrants, FTA’s & Placement Failures Policy or Discretionary Holds Economic, Social & Educational

13. Does County X Need to Engage the Issue of Racial and Ethnic Disparities Identifying: Is There Numerical Disparity? “Snapshot” vs. Trend Tracking Digging Deeper: What Accounts for the Disparity? Disparities by offense Structural System Based Decisions Policy v. Discretionary Holds Inefficiency with Current Practices Establishing an Institutional Response

14. Digging Deeper : Disparities by Offense Admissions targeted with ATD. Need to track progress Additional offenses identified to dig deeper into and to track.

15. Digging Deeper into Disparities by Offense: Probation Violations 1. Prior analyses reveal PV’s have contributed significantly to detention over time. 2. Admissions for PV’s are even more disproportionate than overall admissions to detention 3. Policy/Practice change to target PVs has been implemented and we want to track whether the change may have impacted admissions.

16. Establishing an Institutional Response You’ve got data… You know where disparities exist… You know where policy/practice change could impact the numbers… Now What?

17. Establishing an Institutional Response What is your local vehicle to: Dig Deeper into factors contributing to disproportionality Strategize about policy and practice change to reduce racial and ethnic disparities Adopt Strategy Indicator to Monitor effectiveness of each strategy in reducing racial disparities Document Changes in reducing racial disparities

18. Digging Deeper by Offense: Probation Violations (PV) Tracking Progress 7/1/07: Graduated Sanctions implemented 11/6/06: ATD for JIPS PV’s implemented How are PV admissions increasing or decreasing over time? How are YOC admissions increasing or decreasing? Have policy/practice interventions had an impact?

19. Of the total youth called regarding their Court Appearances, 55% appeared. Of the total youth not called regarding their Court Appearances, 40% appeared. Digging Deeper: Current Practice Baltimore Court Notification

20. Does contact with youth/family and type of contact (Person, message) impact their attendance at Court? Will the % of attendees be greater than 55% when contact is made? Will the % of attendees be less than 55% when contact is not made? Digging Deeper: Current Practice Baltimore Court Notification

21. Of all 358 youth/families contacted in person, 74% appeared in Court. Of all 252 Black youth/Families contacted in person, 75% appeared in Court. Of all 190 youth/families not contacted at all, 25% appeared in court. Of all 141 Black youth/families not contacted, 21% appeared in court. Digging Deeper: Current Practice Baltimore Court Notification

22. 2004 Youth Released Within 40 Hours Aggravated Battery Charge *Source – 2004 Peoria County JDC YTD Report 11/04 (49%) 78% A/A Boys

23. SURVEY RESULTS 470 STUDENTS Survey conducted 9/03 5th & 8th GRADE (Concerns included) Fear of Kidnapping Fear of Rape Fear of Shooting /Killing FRESHMAN (Concerns included) Gangs Drugs Fear of Shooting /Killing COMMON THEME: FIGHTING Nearly half (45.8%) of the students reported they would use violence as an approach to deal with anger toward someone.

24. SOLUTION Alternative Discipline Options for Schools BARJ

25. 35% Reduction

26. Phone: 415.321-4100 x 111 Website: www.burnsinstitute.org