1. The Progressive Movement

2. What was the name of the 20 th century social and political reform movement, which occurred on every level of government in the United States? The Progressive Movement The Progressive Movement

3. What were three causes of the Progressive Movement?

4. 1) Excesses of Gilded Age 1) Excesses of Gilded Age 2) Poor working conditions of American labor (workers) 2) Poor working conditions of American labor (workers) 3) Low standard of living of American labor 3) Low standard of living of American labor

5. What did the Progressives believe should solve the problems created by industrialization? The Government The Government

6. What were three main goals of the Progressives?

7. Government controlled by the people instead of big business and special interests Government controlled by the people instead of big business and special interests Economic opportunity for all Americans Economic opportunity for all Americans Eliminate social injustices Eliminate social injustices

8. How did the Progressives hope to guarantee all Americans economic opportunity?

9. Through government regulation of business Through government regulation of business

10. What was the Gilded Age? A period in the late 1800s characterized by great wealth, corruption, and inequality A period in the late 1800s characterized by great wealth, corruption, and inequality

11. Who held almost all the great wealth created in America during the Gilded Age? A small upper class of businessmen and industrialists A small upper class of businessmen and industrialists

12. Define the term industrialists. Factory owners Factory owners

13. What is another name of the Gilded Age? The Age of the Robber Barons The Age of the Robber Barons

14. Who were the robber barons? Members of the newly rich upper class who had extravagant lifestyles Members of the newly rich upper class who had extravagant lifestyles

15. What did the extravagant lifestyle of the robber barons point out? The severe difference in income between the small, super rich upper class and the average American family The severe difference in income between the small, super rich upper class and the average American family

16. Who were the Muckrakers? Progressive writers who wrote about social and political evils in late 19 th and early 20 th century America. Progressive writers who wrote about social and political evils in late 19 th and early 20 th century America.

17. Who were the two most famous Progressive presidents? Theodore Roosevelt Theodore Roosevelt Woodrow Wilson Woodrow Wilson

18. Which Progressive president was known for offering the American people a “Square Deal”? Theodore Roosevelt Theodore Roosevelt

19. What Progressive president was known for the New Freedom? Woodrow Wilson Woodrow Wilson

20. Did both Republicans and Democrats participate in the Progressive Movement? Yes Yes

21. On what levels of government were there Progressive reforms? Federal Federal Local Local State State

22. What was one Progressive accomplishment on the state level? Passed child labor laws Passed child labor laws

23. Name 5 ways the Progressives tried to make government more democratic at the state level?

24. Referendum Referendum Initiative Initiative Recall Recall Secret ballot Secret ballot Primary elections Primary elections

25. By what process may citizens vote to approve or reject a measure passed by a legislative body? Referendum Referendum

26. What process permits citizens to propose laws to their state or local governments? Initiative Initiative

27. By what process may citizens vote to remove government officials from office before they have finished their terms? Recall election Recall election

28. What reform did Progressives use to protect voters’ privacy? The secret ballot The secret ballot

29. What does one call an election in which voters nominate a political party’s candidates for office? Primary election Primary election

30. At what level of government were child labor laws an example of a Progressive reform? State government State government

31. What type of reforms were the 17 th and 19 th Amendment and the Clayton Anti-Trust Act? Progressive reforms on the federal or national level. Progressive reforms on the federal or national level.

32. What was the 17 th Amendment? Direct election of United States senators Direct election of United States senators

33. Who elected U.S. senators before ratification of the 17 th Amendment? The State Legislatures The State Legislatures

34. What did the term “trust” mean during the late 19th and early 20 th centuries? A business monopoly A business monopoly

35. What does the term monopoly mean? Absence of competition Absence of competition

36. What does anti-trust mean? Anti-monopoly Anti-monopoly

37. What did anti-trust laws try to do? Restore free competition to the American economy Restore free competition to the American economy

38. What was the major weakness in the Sherman Anti-Trust Act? The wording was too vague. The wording was too vague.

39. What did the Clayton Anti-Trust Act do? 1) Outlawed price fixing 1) Outlawed price fixing 2) Exempted unions from the Sherman Anti-Trust Act 2) Exempted unions from the Sherman Anti-Trust Act

40. In what two ways did Progressives try to make local governments less corrupt, more efficient, and more responsive to the people?

41. Commission form of city government Commission form of city government Council/manager form of city government Council/manager form of city government

42. How does the council/manager form of city government work?

43. Voters elect a city council Voters elect a city council City council hires a professional manager to serve as the city’s administrator City council hires a professional manager to serve as the city’s administrator

44. What did Progressives want city government to be? Efficient Efficient Businesslike Businesslike

45. What is another word for the right to vote? Suffrage Suffrage

46. During what war did the women’s suffrage movement first encourage American women to enter the labor force? World War I World War I

47. Name a leader of the Women’s Suffrage Movement. Susan B. Anthony Susan B. Anthony

48. Which constitutional amendment gave women the right to vote? 19 th Amendment 19 th Amendment

49. What were three Progressive reforms on the federal or national level of government? 17 th Amendment 17 th Amendment 19 th Amendment 19 th Amendment Clayton Anti-Trust Act Clayton Anti-Trust Act