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Marine Birds.

Published byRaymond Doggett Modified over 9 years ago

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Presentation on theme: "Marine Birds."— Presentation transcript:

1 Marine Birds

2 Reptiles, Birds, Mammals
Phylum Chordata Subphylum Vertebrata 3 Classes: Class Reptilia Class Aves (birds) Class Mammalia

3 Birds Evolution

4 Birds Advantages over reptiles: Can fly (almost all), hollow bones
Endotherms, homeotherms (retain generated body heat and regulate it to a constant temp.) Feathers waterproofed w/ oil Layer of body fat (penguins) Eggs with hard shells

5 Marine Birds Only 3% of all bird species
Evolved from different groups of land birds Spend significant part of life at sea Feed on marine organisms

6 Marine Birds Must nest on land

7 Marine Birds Salt secreting glands Webbed feet for swimming (not all)

8 Marine Birds Dense waterproof plumage (except commorants and some terns)

9 Marine Birds Migrations (not all)
Arctic tern - 24,000 mi roundtrip between Arctic and Antarctica Sooty shearwaters - 40,000 mi/yr

10 Penguins 17 species Fairy (aka Little blue) penguins – up to 16 in
(recovering from oil spill) Emperor penguins - up to 45 in

11 Penguins Southern hemisphere only (Galapagos south to Antarctica)

12 Penguins Wings act as flippers
Don’t fly in air, but swim very well (fly through the water) Wings act as flippers King penguin Adelie penguins Emperor penguins

13 Penguins Eyes better adapted for underwater vision than air
Adapted for colder waters and air temps Black-footed penguin (aka African, Jackass) Gentoo penguin

14 Penguins Larger penguins eat fish, squid
Smaller eat large plankton (krill) Mostly feed near surface Some dive to ft, 22 mins Galapagos penguin

15 Penguins Nesting Gentoo penguin Magellanic penguins King penguin

16 Penguins Rockhopper penguin Macaroni penguins Yellow eyed penguins

17 Marine Birds Tubenoses Albatrosses, shearwaters, and petrels
Storm petrel Shearwater Albatross – longest wingspan

18 Marine Birds Pelicans and web-footed birds
Cormorants, frigates, gannets Brown pelican Cormorant NOAA Gannet Frigate NOAA

19 Marine Birds Gulls Jaegers/skuas, terns, puffins, razorbills
Herring gull Least tern Horned puffin

20 Marine Birds Feeding strategies

21 Marine Birds Beak shapes:

22 Marine Birds Shorebirds – beak length

23 Marine Birds Shorebirds Sandpipers, plovers, coots Sandpiper Godwit
American coot

24 Piping Plovers 3 breeding populations
(NE Atl. coast, Great Lakes, Great Plains) Spend winters SE Atl. coast, Gulf of Mexico ~6400 alive Threatened/ endangered status

25 Marine Birds Shorebirds Herons, egrets Black-crowned night heron
Great blue heron Black-crowned night heron Great egret

26 Marine Birds Shorebirds Swans, geese, loons
Ducks, coots, grebes, mergansers Common merganser Wood duck Mute swans

27 Marine Birds Birds of prey Eagles, ospreys

28 Human Impacts Pollution – pesticides, PCBs, metals Bioaccumulation,
biomagnification USFWS

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