1. Public Safety Performance Project October 2, 2012 Less Crime at Lower Costs Special Council on Criminal Justice Reform for Georgians

2. www.pewcenteronthestates.com  Background  State Examples: Less Crime at Lower Costs  GA Juvenile Corrections: High Cost, Low Returns Agenda

3. www.pewcenteronthestates.com Public Safety Performance Project  Protect public safety  Hold offenders accountable  Control corrections costs Goal: Help states get a better public safety return on their corrections dollars Goal: Help states get a better public safety return on their corrections dollars

4. www.pewcenteronthestates.com Special Council : 2011 - 2012  Special Council on Criminal Justice Reform for Georgians created by General Assembly  Council undertook: »data-driven analysis of the adult system »development of policy options and recommendations  HB 1176 passed the General Assembly unanimously  Gov. Nathan Deal signed legislation into law Gov. Deal: “a model of how the legislative process should work.”

5. www.pewcenteronthestates.com HB 1176 Passed General Assembly unanimously. Averts projected 8 percent increase in prison population and associated cumulative cost of $264 million over five years. Budget reinvests more than $17 million of the prison savings in into measures designed to reduce reoffending. Focus of HB 1176: Focus Prison Space on Serious Offenders Reduce Recidivism by Strengthening Probation and Alternative Sentencing Options Relieve Local Jail Crowding Improve Performance Measurement

6. www.pewcenteronthestates.com Special Council: 2012-2013  Governor extends the Special Council through Executive Order and expands the membership.  The state requests technical assistance from the Pew Center on the States and the Annie E. Casey Foundation.  State leaders charge the Special Council with identifying ways to: »improve outcomes in the juvenile system »develop fiscally sound, data-driven juvenile justice policies »ensure Georgia’s tax dollars are used effectively and efficiently

7. www.pewcenteronthestates.com Phase I: Bipartisan, Inter-branch Process Data Analysis / System Assessment Policy Development Consensus Building Stakeholder Engagement

8. State Examples: Less Crime at Lower Costs

9. www.pewcenteronthestates.com Case Study: Ohio  40% increase in the state’s juvenile custody population spanning the 13 years leading up to 1992  State’s juvenile institutions operated at 180% of capacity  Many counties did not have the resources to supervise juveniles locally Challenges:

10. www.pewcenteronthestates.com  Provides incentives to counties to develop and utilize community- based alternatives  Counties receive a formula based allotment, which is reduced for each juvenile committed to an institution  Counties receive the remaining funds to use in the community on a monthly basis  Targeted RECLAIM provides additional incentives for the six counties that commit the most youth to the state Solution: RECLAIM Ohio Case Study: Ohio

11. www.pewcenteronthestates.com Total average daily facility population Commitment rate for felony adjudicated youth Case Study: Ohio 1992 2011

12. www.pewcenteronthestates.com Case Study: Ohio funded programs in 88 counties in FY2011 4 facility closures save in operational expenses As of 2009 allocated to counties in FY2012 plus $16.7M through Youth Services Grant in RECLAIM funds provided to local counties

13. www.pewcenteronthestates.com Case Study: Ohio spent on a RECLAIM-funded local program instead of placement saves the state Cost Benefit Analysis

14. www.pewcenteronthestates.com Case Study: Ohio Lowenkamp & Latessa (2005). Evaluation of Ohio’s RECLAIM Funded Programs

15. www.pewcenteronthestates.com Case Study: Texas Total average daily facility population (2007-2011) Juvenile arrests (2007-2010) New funding to counties (2009-2012 )

16. Georgia Juvenile Corrections: High Cost, Low Returns

17. www.pewcenteronthestates.com Georgia's Historical Juvenile Disposed Population: Out-of-Home Youth

18. www.pewcenteronthestates.com High Cost

19. www.pewcenteronthestates.com Low Return on Investment All Committed Youth = Recidivism Rate: Youth Development Campuses = GA Department of Juvenile Justice

20. www.pewcenteronthestates.com Key Findings Trends in Out-of-Home Youth – Greater concentration of felons – Increase in number of juveniles awaiting a long-term bed – High percentage of low risk juveniles – Non-Secure Residential: majority non-felony and non-violent, nearly half are low risk Recidivism remains high, half are re-adjudicated within three years – Regardless of setting, public safety outcomes for out-of-home not improving Community-based options vary across the state – DJJ spends more than 60% of its budget on out‐of-home – Community‐based options are dependent upon location and funding

21. www.pewcenteronthestates.com Youth Out-of-Home: Offense Class n = 2,652n = 1,870

22. www.pewcenteronthestates.com Who is in the YDC? n = 1,236n = 619

23. www.pewcenteronthestates.com Youth Out-of-Home: Legal Status

24. www.pewcenteronthestates.com Youth in YDC: Offense Types 20022011 Violent (30.8%)Violent (49.3%) Property (29.8%)Property (26.2%) Public Order (10.0%)Violent Sex (11.5%) Violent Sex (8.4%)Public Order (6.9%) VOP/VOAC/VOAP (8.2%)Weapons (3.1%) Drug Use (4.7%)VOP/VOAC/VOAP (1.9%) Weapons (3.4%)Drug Use (0.5%) Drug Selling (2.0%)Drug Selling (0.5%) Status (1.6%)Traffic (0.2%) Sex Non-Violent (0.6%) Traffic (0.5%)

25. www.pewcenteronthestates.com Georgia's Juvenile Population: Youth Out-of-Home on June 30

26. www.pewcenteronthestates.com Youth Out-of-Home: Risk Level n = 2,367n = 1,777

27. www.pewcenteronthestates.com Youth in YDC: Risk Levels 27

28. www.pewcenteronthestates.com Designated Felons in the YDC: Risk Levels

29. www.pewcenteronthestates.com Who is in the Non-Secure Residential Placements? n = 863n = 584

30. www.pewcenteronthestates.com Non-Secure Residential: Risk Levels

31. www.pewcenteronthestates.com Recidivism for all Released Youth Percent

32. www.pewcenteronthestates.com Recidivism: Youth at the YDCs 6 percentage point increase since 2003 Percent

33. www.pewcenteronthestates.com System Assessment: Key Finding on Community- Based Options Community-based options vary across the state – DJJ spends more than 60% of its budget on out‐of-home. – Community‐based options are dependent upon location and funding

34. www.pewcenteronthestates.com Public Safety Performance Project October 2, 2012 Less Crime at Lower Costs Special Council on Criminal Justice Reform for Georgians