1. CheckPoint ™ Number your paper from 1-7, write your name on it, and wait for further instructions. 1.Identify the major leaders of the Constitutional Convention and explain what role they played [8.31] 2.Analyze the major issues debated during the Convention and how they were resolved [8.31] 3.Explain the ratification process [8.32] 4.Describe the conflict between Federalists and Anti-Federalists in the ratification debate [8.32]

2. 1. At the Constitutional Convention, the Virginia Plan proposed a. That power must remain with the states b. A unicameral legislature based on equal representation c. Two branches of government: legislative and executive d. A bicameral legislature based on proportional representation 2.Convention delegates broke the deadlock between large and small states when they approved a.The Slave Trade Provision b.The Three-Fifths Compromise c.The Virginia Plan d.The Great Compromise

3. 3. Some states, such as Virginia, refused to ratify the Constitution unless promises were made that a. An amendment be made that prohibited slavery b. An amendment be made that included a Bill of Rights c. The national capitol be built in the south d.A new national currency be adopted by the first congress 4.In the debate over ratification of the Constitution, the Anti-Federalists most feared aDisorder without a strong national government bA national sales tax cThe establishment of a state [national] religion dGovernment oppression of individual rights and liberties

4. 5. During the ratification debate, James Madison and Alexander Hamilton wrote the Federalist Papers, a series of essays that a. Warned the people that their rights were going to be taken away b.Expressed support for keeping the Articles of Confederation c. Explained and defended the new constitution d. Protested the way in which the constitution came about 6.How many states were required to ratify the Constitution to make it the new law of the land? a.13 b.9 c.7 d.12

5. 7. According to the above quote, was George Mason a Federalist or Anti- Federalist and why? “Under their own construction of the general clause at the end of the enumerated [listed] powers, the Congress may grant monopolies [protected right to business] in trade and commerce, constitute new crimes, inflict unusual and severe punishments, and extend their power as far as they shall think proper; so that the state legislatures have no security for the powers now presumed to remain with them, or the people for their rights. There is no declaration of any kind for preserving the liberty of the press, the trial by jury…, nor against the danger of standing armies in time of peace.” - George Mason, 1787

6. CheckPoint ™ TIME IS UP. Put away your pencils and get a red pen. TIME IS UP. Put away your pencils and get a red pen.

7. 1. At the Constitutional Convention, the Virginia Plan proposed a. That power must remain with the states b. A unicameral legislature based on equal representation c. Two branches of government: legislative and executive d. A bicameral legislature based on proportional representation 2.Convention delegates broke the deadlock between large and small states when they approved a.The Slave Trade Provision b.The Three-Fifths Compromise c.The Virginia Plan d.The Great Compromise

8. 3. Some states, such as Virginia, refused to ratify the Constitution unless promises were made that a. An amendment be made that prohibited slavery b. An amendment be made that included a Bill of Rights c. The national capitol be built in the south d.A new national currency be adopted by the first congress 4.In the debate over ratification of the Constitution, the Anti-Federalists most feared aDisorder without a strong national government bA national sales tax cThe establishment of a state [national] religion dGovernment oppression of individual rights and liberties

9. 5. During the ratification debate, James Madison and Alexander Hamilton wrote the Federalist Papers, a series of essays that a. Warned the people that their rights were going to be taken away b.Expressed support for keeping the Articles of Confederation c. Explained and defended the new constitution d. Protested the way in which the constitution came about 6.How many states were required to ratify the Constitution to make it the new law of the land? a.13 b.9 c.7 d.12

10. 7. According to the above quote, was George Mason a Federalist or Anti- Federalist and why? “Under their own construction of the general clause at the end of the enumerated [listed] powers, the Congress may grant monopolies [protected right to business] in trade and commerce, constitute new crimes, inflict unusual and severe punishments, and extend their power as far as they shall think proper; so that the state legislatures have no security for the powers now presumed to remain with them, or the people for their rights. There is no declaration of any kind for preserving the liberty of the press, the trial by jury…, nor against the danger of standing armies in time of peace.” - George Mason, 1787 George Mason was an Anti-Federalist. He fears that the new government will have too much power and that there were no protections for the rights and liberties of the people.

11. How was the new US Constitution to be ratified? 1.Before the Constitution could go into effect, how many states had to ratify [approve]? __________________________ 2.Which was the first state to ratify the US Constitution? ________________________ 3.Though technically adopted as the law of land with the ratification by ________________________, the Constitution and the government it created could not have succeeded without the votes from these two largest states _____________________________________________________________________ 4.Some states, such as Virginia, refused to ratify the Constitution unless promises were made that _____________________________________________ 9 Delaware New Hampshire Virginia and New York An amendment with a Bill of Rights be made.

12. For ratificationAgainst ratification A new powerful federal government with shared powers A powerful federal government would trample the rights of individuals Washington, Adams, Madison, and Hamilton Patrick Henry, George Mason, and Thomas Paine

13. The Constitution: Ratification Debate TODAY’S LEARNING OBJECTIVES: 1.Describe the conflict between Federalists and Anti-Federalists in the ratification debate by analyzing Federalist #10 and #51 [8.32]

14. James Madison Alexander HamiltonJohn Jay explaining defending

15. Impulse of passion or of interest Could be imposed on all The larger the area governed the more likely that opposing factions would cancel one another out Republicanism

16. The human ambitions of one man would keep the ambitions of another in check and vise versa Separation of Power and Check and Balances

17. The Constitution: Principles and Change TODAY’S LEARNING OBJECTIVES: 1.Describe the significance of the Magna Carta, the English Bill of Rights, and the Mayflower Compact in the relation to the development of government in America [8.28] 2.Describe the principles embedded in the Constitution [8.33]  Popular sovereignty  Federalism  Separation of powers  Checks and balances INSTRUCTIONS: Read pages 194 - 195: European Influences Read pages 206 – 209: Our Constitution Complete Parts 1 and 2 on your OneSheets ASSIGNMENT: What two European philosophers had the most impact on the US Constitution and why? Answers on half sheet due start of class on Monday

20. Questions?