1. Lesson 6 Using Multiple Cylinder Engines

2. Next Generation Science/Common Core Standards Addressed! CCSS.ELA Literacy.RST.9 ‐ 10.1 Cite specific textual evidence to support analysis of science and technical texts, attending to the precise details of explanations or descriptions. CCSS.ELA Literacy.RST.9 ‐ 10.3 Follow precisely a complex multistep procedure when carrying out experiments, taking measurements, or performing technical tasks, attending to special cases or exceptions defined in the text. CCSS.ELA Literacy. RST.11 ‐ 12.2 Determine the central ideas or conclusions of a text; summarize complex concepts, processes, or information presented in a text by paraphrasing them in simpler but still accurate terms. CCSS.ELA Literacy.RST.11 ‐ 12.3 Follow precisely a complex multistep procedure when carrying out experiments, taking measurements, or performing technical tasks; analyze the specific results based on explanations in the text. HSNQ.A.3 Choose a level of accuracy appropriate to limitations on measurement when reporting quantities. (HS ‐ PS1 ‐ 2),(HSPS1 ‐ 4),(HS ‐ PS1 ‐ 5),(HS ‐ PS1 ‐ 7) HSSIC.B.6 Evaluate reports based on data. (HS ‐ LS2 ‐ 6)

3. Bell Work / Student Learning Objectives Explain general maintenance guidelines associated with multiple cylinder engines. Describe the concept of power as it relates to multiple cylinder engines. Discuss common maintenance practices associated with multiple cylinder engines. Describe the operating characteristics of a diesel engine.

4. Terms Bleed Coolant hydrometer Diesel engine Drawbar power Engine horsepower Fuel injectors Horsepower Multiple cylinder engines Power Power-take off shaft PTO power Preventative maintenance Turbocharger

5. Multiple cylinder engines Have 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, or more cylinders. Preventative maintenance – performing periodic practice to keep equipment in good working order Preventative maintenance helps multiple cylinder engines perform well

6. General preventative practices Read the operator’s manual Know the history of the equipment Follow all manufacturer recommendations Use quality materials Keep accurate records Use common sense Use safety practices

7. Safety?

8. Power The rate of performing work Engine power is stated as horsepower

9. Types of power Engine horsepower – rates engines based on their displacement and configuration Horsepower – the force needed to life 33,000 lbs one foot in one minute or 550 lbs one foot in one second Drawbar power – is derived as machines are pushed or pulled by the engine as power is delivered to the drive wheels

10. Horsepower

11. Types of power (continued) PTO power – rotary power converted to hydraulic or electrical energy Power-take-off (PTO) shaft transfers power from the engine to the attached implement

12. PTO shaft & implement

13. Maintenance practices Maintaining the intake system Maintaining the fuel system Bleed – to remove air from the system Maintaining the exhaust system Maintaining the cooling system Coolant hydrometer – determines the proportion of antifreeze to water

14. Fuel filter

15. Antifreeze chart

16. Maintenance practices (continued) Maintaining the ignition system Maintaining the lubrication system Maintaining the starting systems

17. Diesel engine An engine with a very high compression ratio in which the air-fuel mixture is ignited by the heat of compression rather than a spark plug. Available in two-stroke or four-stroke engines

18. Diesel engines have: Fuel injectors – measure the correct amount of fuel for injection at he correct time Turbocharger – a turbine-type air pump that is driven by the engine’s exhaust gasses

19. Diesel fuel injection system

20. Comparison between spark ignition & diesel engines Spark ignitionCompression Ignition (Diesel Cycle) Engines Lighter weight components Lower compression rations Easier starting Lower fuel efficiency Quicker speed acceleration Higher engine speeds Lower engine torque Heavier weight components Higher compression ratios More difficult starting Higher fuel efficiency Slower speed acceleration Slower engine speeds Higher engine torque more power

21. Review/Summary What are some common preventative maintenance practices associated with multiple cylinder engines? What is power? How does it apply to multiple cylinder engines?

22. Review/Summary What are common maintenance practices associated with multiple cylinder engines? What are the characteristics of a diesel engine?

23. The End!