2. Environmental Chemistry Lab Lab Tools Eng. Haneen Nabil AL-Sbaihi Environmental Engineering Department Islamic University of Gaza, Palestine

3. 1. Beaker - For hold solid or liquid will not release gases when reacted.

4. 2. Conical Flask 1. Not accurate liquid-measuring container. 2. For hold solid or liquid may be release gases when reacted.

5. 3. Volumetric flasks 1. to measure precise volumes of liquid 2. to make precise dilutions.

6. 4. Graduated cylinder for measurement of an amount or volumes of liquid. The volume of liquid can be estimated to the nearest 0.1 mL with practice.

7. 5. Graduated pipette or pipette 1. measures solution volumes 2. used to transfer measured substances into another vessel

8. 6. pipette - used to transfer measured substances into another vessel

9. 7. dropper - Used for addition of liquids, drop by drop

10. 8. test tubes - Used for holding small samples or for containing small-scale reactions

11. 9. test-tube holder - Used for holding test tubes when tubes should not be touched

12. 10. funnel - Used to transfer solids and liquids without spilling

13. 11. burette - used for measures volume of solution in titration process

14. 12. ring stand (with rings or clamps) - Used for holding pieces of glassware in place.

15. 13. wash bottles -Used for dispensing small quantities of distilled water.

16. 14. crucible - used to heat a small amount of a solid substance at a very high temperature

17. 15. Balance -Used for measures mass of material

18. 16. Thermometer - Used for measures temperature

19. 17. wire gauze on a ring - - Used for supports beakers to be heated by Bunsen burners

20. 18. watch glasses - Used for holding small samples or for covering beakers or evaporating dishes.

21. 19. Spatulas - Used For dispense solution from their containers

22. 20. Glass Stir Rod - Used for stir solutions