1. © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. MPLS  Multiprotocol Label switching

2. © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. WAN Topologies

3. © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Basic Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) Features  MPLS reducere routings check.  MPLS sender pakker ved hjælp af labels.  Labels bliver brugt som IP. (Det kan samlignes med normal ip addresering)  Labels kan også have andre parametre med: Layer 3 (VPN destination) Layer 2 Udgående port på egrees router. (Gateway router) QOS Source addressen  MPLS understøtter alle layer 3 protokoller.

4. © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. MPLS Operation  Only edge routers must perform a routing lookup.  Core routers switch packets based on simple label lookups and swap labels.

5. © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Label Switch Routers (LSRs)  LSR primarily forwards labeled packets (swap label).  Edge LSR: Labels IP packets (impose label) and forwards them into the MPLS domain. Removes labels (pop label) and forwards IP packets out of the MPLS domain.

6. © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco IOS Platform Switching Mechanisms  Process switching, or routing table-driven switching: Full lookup is performed at every packet  Fast switching, or cache-driven switching: Most recent destinations are entered in the cache First packet is always process-switched  Topology-driven switching: CEF (prebuilt FIB table) CEF Cisco Express Forwarding

7. © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Fast IP Switching Overview...

8. © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. CEF Switching Overview...

9. © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. MPLS Characteristics  MPLS technology is intended to be used anywhere, regardless of Layer 1 media and Layer 2 protocol.  MPLS uses a 32-bit label field that is inserted between Layer 2 and Layer 3 headers.  MPLS over ATM uses the ATM header as the label (cell mode MPLS).

10. © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Frame Mode MPLS Operation Note: The type or protocol ID field indicates as MPLS enabled layer-3 protocol.

11. © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

12. Major Components of MPLS Architecture  Control plane: Exchanges routing information and labels Contains complex mechanisms, such as OSPF, EIGRP, IS-IS, and BGP, to exchange routing information Exchanges labels, such as LDP, BGP, and RSVP  Data plane: Forwards packets based on labels Has a simple forwarding engine

13. © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Control Plane Components Example  Information from control plane is sent to the data plane.

14. © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

16.  IP CEF (i config mode)  For at kører mpls interface:  Skriv mpls ip (så kører man med mpls)  Mpls label protocol (TDP for cisco’s egen og LDP hvis det ikke er cisco udstyr).