1. Natural Resources Canada Canadian Forest Service Ressources naturelles Canada Service canadien des forêts Spatial Fire Management System Peter Englefield Canadian Forest Service Edmonton, Alberta

2. Natural Resources Canada Canadian Forest Service Ressources naturelles Canada Service canadien des forêts What is SFMS? Fire management information systemFire management information system GIS platform (ArcView)GIS platform (ArcView) Fire science models (CFFDRS)Fire science models (CFFDRS) Daily operationsDaily operations Interdependent ArcView extensionsInterdependent ArcView extensions

3. Natural Resources Canada Canadian Forest Service Ressources naturelles Canada Service canadien des forêtsPurpose Protection of life, property, values Protection of life, property, values Spatial information Spatial information Fire danger monitoring Fire danger monitoring Fire behavior prediction Fire behavior prediction Preparedness planning Preparedness planning Policy setting & review Policy setting & review Public awareness Public awareness

4. Natural Resources Canada Canadian Forest Service Ressources naturelles Canada Service canadien des forêtsRequirements Hardware - PC platform Hardware - PC platform Software Software - Windows 95+ - ArcView 3.1+, Spatial Analyst 1.1+ Weather data Weather data - Weather station locations - Daily noon observations Spatial data Spatial data - Elevation - Fuel types

5. Natural Resources Canada Canadian Forest Service Ressources naturelles Canada Service canadien des forêtsModules Weather (WX)Weather (WX) Fire Weather Index (FWI)Fire Weather Index (FWI) Fire Behaviour Prediction (FBP)Fire Behaviour Prediction (FBP) Optimal Resource Allocation & Prepositioning (ORAP)Optimal Resource Allocation & Prepositioning (ORAP) Wildfire Threat Rating (WTR)Wildfire Threat Rating (WTR) Fire Occurrence Prediction (FOP)Fire Occurrence Prediction (FOP)

6. Natural Resources Canada Canadian Forest Service Ressources naturelles Canada Service canadien des forêts Database access ODBC ODBC SQL SQL

7. Natural Resources Canada Canadian Forest Service Ressources naturelles Canada Service canadien des forêts Interpolation Options Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) Kriging Thin plate smoothing spline (Anusplin)

8. Natural Resources Canada Canadian Forest Service Ressources naturelles Canada Service canadien des forêts Elevation adjustment Temperature 1. T sea = T obs - gz 2. Interpolate T sea 3. T final = T sea + gz Relative Humidity 1. log(e s ) = 9.4041 - (2354 / T) 2. r = 0.622 * RH * e s / p 3. Interpolate r 4. Calculate e and e s by cell 5. RH = e / e s

9. Natural Resources Canada Canadian Forest Service Ressources naturelles Canada Service canadien des forêts Interpolation Methods Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) IDW with elevation adjustment Anusplin

10. Natural Resources Canada Canadian Forest Service Ressources naturelles Canada Service canadien des forêts Wind field display

11. Natural Resources Canada Canadian Forest Service Ressources naturelles Canada Service canadien des forêts Fire Weather Index Interpolation/Calculation FWI Weather Stations Database ODBC SFMS WWW Fuel types & Elevation

12. Natural Resources Canada Canadian Forest Service Ressources naturelles Canada Service canadien des forêts Fire Weather Index System Fire Behavior Prediction System WeatherTopographyFuel type...predictions of fire spread rate, fuel consumption, and fire intensity Relative...Quantitative... Canadian Forest Fire Danger Rating System

13. Natural Resources Canada Canadian Forest Service Ressources naturelles Canada Service canadien des forêts Canadian Forest Fire Weather Index System (FWI) Fine Fuel Moisture Code (FFMC) Duff Moisture Code (DMC) Drought Code (DC) Initial Spread Index (ISI) Buildup Index (BUI) Fire Weather Index (FWI) Fire Weather Observations Fuel Moisture Codes Fire Behavior Indices Temperature Relative humidity Wind Speed Rain Temperature Relative humidity Rain Temperature Rain Wind Speed

15. Natural Resources Canada Canadian Forest Service Ressources naturelles Canada Service canadien des forêts Scheduled batch processing Scheduled batch processing Web dissemination Web dissemination

16. Natural Resources Canada Canadian Forest Service Ressources naturelles Canada Service canadien des forêts Regional Reporting

17. Natural Resources Canada Canadian Forest Service Ressources naturelles Canada Service canadien des forêts Regional Reporting

18. Natural Resources Canada Canadian Forest Service Ressources naturelles Canada Service canadien des forêts Wildfire Threat Rating Fire RiskFire Behavior Values at Risk Suppression Capability

19. Natural Resources Canada Canadian Forest Service Ressources naturelles Canada Service canadien des forêts Wildfire Threat Rating Options Add factors R = w1f1 + w2f2 + … Multiply factors R = f1^w1 * f2^w2 * … Weighted arithmetic mean W = R / (w1 + w2 + …) Weighted geometric mean W = R ^ (1 / w1 + w2 + …)

20. Natural Resources Canada Canadian Forest Service Ressources naturelles Canada Service canadien des forêts Fire Occurrence Prediction FOP extension completed in July 2002 Human-caused FOP (People model) Lightning-caused FOP (Sparky and LCFOP models) Includes fire and lightning plotter utility Includes Wildfire Ignition Probability Prediction (WIPP)

21. Natural Resources Canada Canadian Forest Service Ressources naturelles Canada Service canadien des forêts Fire Occurrence Prediction Human-caused Fires Ignition models can be combined with historical fire locations to predict the probabilities of human-caused fires.

22. Natural Resources Canada Canadian Forest Service Ressources naturelles Canada Service canadien des forêts Lightning-caused Fires Lightning strike locations and daily fire danger maps are used to predict lightning- caused fires. Fire Occurrence Prediction

23. Natural Resources Canada Canadian Forest Service Ressources naturelles Canada Service canadien des forêts Wildfire Ignition Probability Prediction Probability of sustained ignitionProbability of sustained ignition Model derived from 2-minute test fire dataModel derived from 2-minute test fire data Calculation based on fuel types and FWI outputsCalculation based on fuel types and FWI outputs

24. Natural Resources Canada Canadian Forest Service Ressources naturelles Canada Service canadien des forêts Fire Climatology

25. Natural Resources Canada Canadian Forest Service Ressources naturelles Canada Service canadien des forêts Wind Roses

26. Natural Resources Canada Canadian Forest Service Ressources naturelles Canada Service canadien des forêts Fire Growth Modeling

27. Natural Resources Canada Canadian Forest Service Ressources naturelles Canada Service canadien des forêts Thank you http://fms.nofc.cfs.nrcan.gc.ca/