1. Specialized Digestive Systems

2. What are they? Animals with specialized digestive tracts are still non-ruminant animals but they have unique organs that allow them to efficiently process the food they consume

3. Hindgut Fermenters Non-ruminant herbivores that have a functioning cecum that allows them to eat large amounts of roughage –Horses –Rhinos –Elephants –Rabbits –Guinea Pigs

4. Bird Systems Beak –Mouth which pecks and scoops feed Salivary Glands –Add digestive enzymes and lubricate feed Esophagus –Connects beak to the crop Crop –Storage pouch that moistens feed

5. Bird Systems Proventriculus –Glandular stomach that adds gastric juices and mixes and churns feed Gizzard –Purplish colored organ that contains grit to grind feed during muscle contractions Small Intestine –Digests and absorbs nutrients

6. Bird Systems Large Intestine –Absorbs water Ceca –2 blind pouches that do not function at the end of the large intestine Cloaca –Internal sphincter that controls excretion Vent –External sphincter that controls excretion

7. Bird Systems Beak Salivary Glands Esophagus Crop Pancreas Liver Gall Bladder Proventriculus Gizzard Small Intestine Large Intestine Ceca Cloaca Vent

8. Bird Systems

9. Mouth which pecks and scoops feed

10. Bird Systems

11. Glandular stomach that adds gastric juices and mixes and churns feed

12. Bird Systems

13. Absorbs water

14. Bird Systems

15. Add digestive enzymes and lubricate feed

16. Bird Systems

17. Purplish colored organ that contains grit to grind feed during muscle contractions

18. Bird Systems

19. 2 blind pouches that do not function at the end of the large intestine

20. Bird Systems

21. Connects beak to the crop

22. Bird Systems

23. Digests and absorbs nutrients

24. Bird Systems

25. Internal sphincter that controls excretion

26. Bird Systems

27. Storage pouch that moistens feed

28. Bird Systems

29. External sphincter that controls excretion

30. Bird Systems