1. PA Envirothon Skulls

2. Identifying Skulls ► Eye placement  Predators ► Eye sockets point forward  Prey ► Eye sockets are placed to side of skull ► Shape  Skull shape varies greatly species to species ► Teeth  Canines ► Overlapping side canines generally denote predator  Meant for grabbing and holding prey ► Overgrown middle incisors are rodents  Molars and Premolars ► Herbivores  Flat and meant to grind leaves ► Carnivores  Cone shaped or pointed to grind meat ► Omnivores  Both cone and flat, or cone shaped

4. Forward-pointing eye sockets Raccoon Molars for herbivorous and carnivorous activity Canines for carnivorous activity Total teeth= 40

6. White-Tailed Deer Long and hollow nasal cavity Long space between molar and incisors Molars for grinding down vegetation Sideways pointing eye sockets Total Teeth= 32

8. Coyote Total Teeth=42 Forward placed eyes Large canines and incisors for carnivorous activities Sharp premolars for both grinding vegetation and slicing meat

10. Cottontail Rabbit Side placed eyes Nasal bone extends to or past incisors Long space between molars and incisors Large front incisors Molars for grinding vegetation

12. Bobcat Forward- placed eye sockets Curved forehead Sharp premolars and molars Overlapping Canines Total teeth= 28

14. Black Bear Total teeth= 40 Forward-pointing eye sockets Canines for carnivorous activity Molars for herbivorous and carnivorous activity

16. Beaver Total teeth= 20 Side-placed eyes to avoid predators Flat molars Long overgrown incisors

18. Raccoon Forward-pointing eye sockets Molars for herbivorous and carnivorous activity Canines for carnivorous activity Total teeth= 40

20. Bobcat Total teeth= 28 Forward- placed eye sockets Overlapping Canines Sharp premolars and molars Curved forehead

22. Coyote Forward placed eyes Total Teeth=42 Large canines and incisors for carnivorous activities Sharp premolars for both grinding vegetation and slicing meat

24. Beaver Total teeth= 20 Side-placed eyes to avoid predators Long overgrown incisors Flat molars

26. Large incisors Sideways eye placement Molars for grinding vegetation Cottontail Rabbit Nasal bone extends to or past incisors Large gap

28. Black Bear Forward-pointing eye sockets Canines for carnivorous activity Molars for herbivorous and carnivorous activity Total teeth= 40