1. Injuries to the Pelvis and Lower Extremities
Chapter 18
Injuries to the
Pelvis and Lower Extremities

2. The Pelvis Pelvic region Primary muscles of the pelvis
Supports the vertebral column and constitutes the inferior portion of the trunk
Primary muscles of the pelvis
Affect movement of thigh at hip joint
Attached to the femur and pelvic bones
Contribute to muscular movement by creating pressure on muscle surface

3. The Pelvis Injuries to the pelvic region include: Fractures Strains
Contusions

4. The Hip and Thigh Each lower extremity
Hip, thigh, knee, lower leg, ankle, and foot
The hip is a ball and socket joint
Held together by connective tissues

5. The Hip and Thigh The femur extends from the hip to the knee
Provides skeletal structure of the thigh
Held in the socket by ligaments, tendons, and muscles

6. Methods for Assessing Hip Injuries
General range of motion
ROM test
Hamstring flexibility
Hip flexor flexibility (Thomas test)
Internal and external rotation of the hip
Ober’s Test
Patrick’s or Faber Test

7. Methods for Assessing Hip Injuries
Strength tests
Abduction
Adduction
Extension
Flexion
Internal rotation
External rotation
Trendelenburg test

8. Injuries to the Hip and Thigh
Fractures
Dislocations and subluxations
Contusions
Sprains
Strains
Bursitis and synovitis

9. The Knee Knee joint Naturally unstable
One of the most complicated joints in the body
One of the most commonly injured joints in the body

10. Methods for Assessing Knee Injuries
ROM test
Knee extension
Knee flexion
Extension strength test for the knee
Flexion strength test for the knee

11. Injuries to the Knee and Lower Leg
Fractures
Dislocations and subluxations
Apprehension test for the patella

12. Injuries to the Knee and Lower Leg
Strains
Tendon ruptures
Patellar tendon rupture test
Meniscus tears
McMurray test
Apley compression test
Tendonitis
Contusions

13. Injuries to the Knee and Lower Leg
Sprains
Valgus stress test for the knee
Varus stress test for the knee
Anterior drawer test for the knee
Posterior drawer test for the knee
Lachman test
Pivot shift test

14. Injuries to the Knee and Lower Leg
Bursitis
Osgood-Schlatter Disease
Chondromalacia patellae (CMP)
Patella grind test
Shin splints
Anterior compartment syndrome

15. The Ankle
Tarsus
Composed of seven tarsal bones and joins the lower leg to the foot

16. Assessing Ankle and Foot Injuries
ROM test
Ankle inversion
Ankle eversion
Plantar flexion of the ankle
Dorsiflexion of the ankle

17. Assessing Ankle and Foot Injuries
Inversion strength test for the ankle
Eversion strength test for the ankle
Dorsiflexion strength test for the ankle

18. Injuries to the Ankle and Foot
Fractures
Dislocations and subluxations
Contusions
Sprains
Talar tilt test
Anterior drawer test for the ankle

19. Injuries to the Ankle and Foot
Tendon ruptures
Thompson test
Tendonitis
Bursitis and synovitis
Ingrown toenail
Athlete’s foot
Plantar fasciitis