1. Mathematics & Science Center Oil Spill Clean-Up: The Natural Way! Image courtesy of EPA

2. Oil Spills… A Fact of Life Photo by EPA

3. Spills Result From…. Accidents Dumping Our “drains” Photo by EPA

4. Various Types of Substances Find Their Way to the Bay Photo by N. Hamm

5. And Have Negative Effects on the Ecosystem, Organisms, and US! Photo by NOAA

6. Oil and Water What happens when oil and water mix? How can oil harm living organisms? Photo by N. Hamm

7. Oil Floats on Water Homogeneous mixture Heterogeneous mixture Photo by NOAA

8. Oil Spill Spreading With low wind speedWith low wind speed With high wind speedWith high wind speed Photo by NOAA

9. How Would YOU Clean-up an Oil Spill? Photo by EPA

10. Methods of Clean-up Biological Chemical Physical (or Mechanical) Photo by EPA

11. BOOMS are First Used to Contain the Oil Spill Photo by EPA

12. Biological Methods Photo by NOAA

13. Chemical Photo by EPA

14. Physical Mechanical Photo by EPA

15. Why Not Use… NATURAL RESOURCES! Occur naturally or are natural by-products Are readily available Do not harm the environment Are they effective? Which is best?

16. Your Task for Today Conduct an experiment using a Physical/Mechanical Method of oil clean-up! Determine which natural resource works the best for absorbing an oil spill!

17. Scientists Use MODELS to Test Their Hypotheses Photo by N. Hamm

18. Natural Resources: Cotton Chicken Feathers! Sawdust Peat Moss and Spanish Moss Perlite What is your HYPOTHESIS?

19. Rating the Different Materials We will Rate TWO QUALITIES of the different materials: Their ability to absorb oil Their ease of use

20. Our Rating Scale We will rate the absorbency and the ease of use of each material by this scale: 1 = Good 2 = Fair 3 = Poor

21. One Team’s Results Photo by A.C. Lundberg

22. Clean-up Procedure 1)Dump out pan into strainer in sink. Rinse out pan. 2)Wipe off utensils (fork, forceps…) and return to kit. 3)Close all materials bags and return to kit. 4)Throw away newspaper and material testing sheet. 5)Wipe off lab table.

23. Experimental Design Title  Which natural resource will clean-up oil best? Hypothesis  I hypothesize that the _______ will absorb oil the best.

24. Experimental Design Independent Variable  Type of natural resource Methods Trials (#)  # per group or # per class

25. Experimental Design Dependent Variable  Amount of oil absorbed  Ease of use Constants  Amount of oil, Time to absorb oil, amount of material, type of oil, boom materials…

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27. Acknowledgements Most images used in this lesson were obtained from the public domain courtesy of the United States Environmental Protection Agency http://www.epa.gov and the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration http://www.noaa.gov Additional images provided by Norbert Hamm and Chris Lundberg of the Mathematics & Science Center http://www.mathsciencecenter.info

28. Life