1. Integrated Waterfront Cleanup and Marina Development in Bellingham, WA Tom Wang, P.E. WEDA Pacific Chapter – San Diego 2009

2. Project Overview Port of Bellingham is managing an integrated cleanup, new marina construction and waterfront re-development project within the Whatcom Waterway –Cleanup Whatcom Waterway contaminated sediments –Cleanup ASB sludges –Establish new shoreline face for future development –Construct new small boat marina –Improve marine habitat and public access

3. Project Team Anchor QEA KPFF Consulting Engineers Coast and Harbor Engineering Wilson Engineering BST & Associates

4. Project Site Key Areas (ASB) Whatcom Waterway Log Pond GP Pulp & Tissue Mill (GP West) Port Terminal (BST) Central Waterfront GP Dock Cornwall Landfill

5. Dredging & Capping of Multi-Purpose Waterway Deep-Draft Sludges Removed Whatcom Waterway Consent Decree Dredging Capping Dredge Areas –ASB –Outer Waterway Cap Areas –Inner Waterway –ASB Shoulder –Chemical Dock –Log Pond Central Waterfront Shoreline Cleanup

6. Waterfront District Framework Plan (4/20/09)* * Plan is subject to modification based on continued technical evaluations and public input. Joint planning effort by Port and City Upland development by Western Washington University Focus on sustainable design, community needs and working waterfront

7. Key Integration Challenges ASB Cleanup ASB dredge prism Sludge dewatering method Water and stockpile management Outer Waterway Dredge prism design BST underpier area and Log Pond transition Residual management Inner Waterway Engineered cap design (coastal modeling and propwash) Shoreline transition areas Disposal Landfill competition and escalating costs

8. Key Integration Challenges Marina Development ASB berm design incorporates public access and habitat Float layout Landside development ASB landside stormwater improvements Other Key Project Challenges Coordinating nearshore and upland uses and infrastructure Multiple stakeholders (WWU, City, Port, Existing Tenants) Site stormwater temporary improvements GP Mill Site development timing Rail access and stockpile management Need to significantly raise grades at GP Mill Site

9. Project Quantity Summary AreaDredge Volume (cy) Cap Volume (cy) Residual Cover Vol (cy) Armor Volume (cy) ASB Sludge414,00055,000 ASB Berm91,00026,000 Waterway312,000179,00030,000 BST Underpier8,0006,0002,000 Log Pond14,000 Shoreline Bulkheads> 500 feet to be rebuilt Shoreline Slopes> 4,000 feet to reconstruct

10. 10 ASB Typical Profile Defining native layer (i.e., clean surface) difficult Geophysical methods unsuccessful Several direct measurement methods used and correlated against boring logs

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12. Sludge Dewatering Hazco and Boskalis conducted independent pilot studies –Centrifuge –Filter press –Belt Press –Geotubes –Stabilization –Elutriate and leachate testing

13. Waterway Areas with Special Issues Log Pond Transition BST Wharf Maple Street Clarifier Bulkhead Area

14. BST Underpier Area

16. Partially-armored slope Current design concept –Diver-assisted hydraulic dredging Thickness Est. Avg. 5 ft –Backfill removal area Residuals Management Maintain wharf design condition

17. BST – Log Pond Transition Area Current conditions –Wharf Condition –Berthing Uses

18. BST – Log Pond Transition Area Design issues –High subsurface concentrations –Propwash and windwave exposure Need for larger armoring Steep slope complicates placement –Armor placement constraints Overhead structures Impacts of placement to structure

19. Inner Waterway Main channel area to be capped –Propwash is the critical design factor –Gravel layer as armor Inner waterway slopes to be armored –Windwaves are critical design factor –Armor stone required in wave breaking zone

20. Inner Waterway Steep-Slope Areas Design issues –Existing structures Shoreline integration Existing upland use –Waterway and upland future uses Impacts of sloping fill to navigation –Narrow channel Potential future maritime uses –Boat haul-out

21. Maple Street Bulkhead Condition at -3 ft MLLW Issues –Phasing of cleanup and upland improvements –Land and navigation uses

22. Clarifier Bulkhead Issues –Clarifier structure remains for temporary construction use –Phasing of cleanup and upland improvements –Land and navigation uses Condition at -3 ft MLLW

23. ASB Berm Reconfiguration

24. ASB Armor Stone Reuse Analysis Good Long-Term Stone Quality Unsuitable for Armor Reuse

25. ASB Armor Stone Reuse Analysis Good Long-Term Stone Quality Unsuitable for Armor Reuse

26. ASB Armor Stone Reuse Analysis

27. Public Access and Habitat Opportunities

28. Marina Pathway Area

29. Marina Habitat Areas Notes: *Slopes will vary depending on location.

30. Numerical Modeling Numerical modeling is critical to effectively assess constantly changing alternatives from Port and Stakeholder input Base model set up to cover both remediation and development purposes –Wind wave impacts –Tidal circulation –Whatcom Creek discharge impacts –Propwash impacts –Sea level rise and tsunami effects

31. Wave Modeling (25 Yr)

32. Stormwater Transitioning Existing stormwater systems inadequate for future development –More than 80 acres require upgrades –Currently plumbed to discharge to ASB –Upgrades to be phased for future development Stormwater design to transition to City responsibility in long term

33. Current Status and Schedule 30% design to be completed Spring 2010 Permit applications ~mid-year 2010 Bid advertisement ~mid-year 2011 Construction duration 3-4 years Consent Decree cost estimate –Remediation $55 million –Marina $23 million

34. Questions?