1. Lection 2 Theme: DENTAL FORMULA (FORMULA OF TEETH). SIGNS OF TEETH. DRILLS. MODERN DOMESTIC AND OVERSEA STOMATOLOGICAL OPTIONS. OFFICE HOURS. ERGONOMICS IS IN DENTISTRY. CLASSIFICATION OF CARIOUS CAVITIES AFTER BLACK. BASIC PRINCIPLES AND FEATURES OF PREPARING OF CARIOUS CAVITIES

2. The dental system of men belongs to the dyphiodontical system (there are two changes of teeth: a suckling bite is 20 teeth, permanent - 32 teeth. Anatomic formula of teeth of suckling bite — 2.1.2, that on every side of both overhead and lower jaw there are two incisives, one canines, two molars. Anatomic formula of teeth of permanent bite — 2.1.2.3, that two incisives one canines, two premolars and three molars.

6. For comfort of records of results of inspection of cavity of mouth the special charts which it is enough different are developed. For today there are a few charts of record. More frequent in all use denotation of dental row as a dental formula: 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 The second teeth in her are reflected the Arabic figures, and temporal (milk) — Roman: V IV III II I I II III IV V

7. For standardization of record of dental formula Worldwide organization of health protection (WOHP) and International federation of dentistry offered the ambiguous system of denotation of teeth depending on their placing on the proper side of overhead or lower jaw. Pursuant to her every tooth is written down two the Arabic figures, the first from which expresses the quadrant of the proper half of jaw, and second is sequence number of tooth in her. Both jaws of patient are up- diffused on four quadrants. The review of teeth is begun with a supramaxilla business and mark them by the number 1. Farther move after motion of hour-hand and mark the proper halves of jaws: upper left — the number 2, left lower — 3 and right lower — 4. 1 quadrant 2 quadrant 4 quadrant 3 quadrant

8. A dental formula at such method of denotation acquires such kind: 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 supramaxilla on the right the supramaxilla on the left 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 the lower jaw on the right the lower jaw on the left

9. The charts of dental formula, on which all surfaces of crowns of the teeth are represented as if in the unfolded kind, are developed also. On them it is possible exactly to inflict localization of carious cavity, stopping or other pathological defeat on every separate tooth. In this formula frontal teeth have 4 surfaces, and premolars and molars is 5 surfaces. For correct interpretation of information of this formula the accepted is conditional denotation of surfaces for frontal teeth (incisives and canines): 1 is vestibular (labial) surface; 2 are medіal (middle); 3 is tongue (palatal) and 4 is distal surface. On premolar and molar: 1 is occlusive surface; 2 is vestibular (cheek); 3 are medіal; 4 is tongue (palatal) and 5 is distal surface.

10. Types of drills, which today more frequent in all are used: stand-up feet not demountable, demountable, difficult; combined feet and with a motor; stand-up with an electromotor (stationary); hangings wall with an electric motor; portable; high-speed; universal dentistry options.

12. Ergonomics is science which is engaged in the study of dependence between a man and his surroundings during labour. The name originates from combination of two sciences: ergologia- science about labour and its influence on a performer, and economy - science which studies the effects of labour. In dentistry introduction of such methods of labour, which allow to get most its productivity at the least efforts of worker, is the primary purpose of ergonomics. Ergonomics gets busy, by the way, by a health, safety, hygiene and comfort of work of dentistry collective and even rational rest.

13. Ergonomics in dentistry engulfs four basic problems: man (dentistry collective and patient); apparatus, instruments and materials; organization of labour is in a dentistry cabinet; terms of surroundings.

15. Mirrors

16. Forceps

17. Knives

18. Spatulas

19. Set of filling instruments