2. THE BATTLE OF GETTYSBURG ELEVENTH GRADE AMERICAN HISTORY Ms. Oakes ED 327 5/30/00

3. The Battle of Gettysburg Official Records and Battle Description Http://www.civilwarhome.com/gettysburgbu.htm This is a great site. It gives students a bird’s eye view of the Battle through the notes of generals. It is easier for the students to browse this page than read a lengthy book with no pictures. Some of the Essays drag on and more humorous tidbits and pictures or color could be added for effect.

4. RATIONALE/GOAL/OBJECTIVES Rationale: Students should understand why the Battle of Gettysburg was the South’s “High Water Mark,” or the turning point in the Civil War. Goal: For each group to become an expert about one of the skirmishes (minor battles) within the overall Battle of Gettysburg and understand how all the minor battles fit together. Objectives: Groups will identify 15 facts about their battle and 5 ways their battle contributed to the overall battle, in a power point presentation, with 100 percent accuracy.

5. The National Military Park Welcome Page Gettysburg Http://www.nps.gov

6. INTRODUCTION Lee’s Plan General Buregard is suppose to help Lee by feinting southward. Lee moves through the Shenenndoah; Union following Lee believes Jeb Stuart is tracking the Union Army June 26 Longstreet ’s corps issues report $ in Gettysburg Gen Heth commands Mg. Hill “Get those shoes”

7. OPENING MOVES: Buford accepts a challenge - Hill’s Confederates’ marched down Cashtown Rd. to Chambersberg Pk. - After crossing Herr Ridge, 1 1/2 miles from Gettysburg, Heth realized he was in for a fight. - Buford’s Calvary was between Heth and Gettysburg

8. OPENING MOVES CONTINUED McPherson’s Ridge: Buford holds, but Reynolds is killed Reinforcements arrive: Confusion is in command Retreat to Seminary Ridge: Advance of the Long Gray Line Withdraw to Cemetery Hill: Hancock takes command Lost opportunity: Ewell fails to take Culp’s Hill and Cemetery Hill

9. DAY 2 - Sickles’ Folly Believing He has almost won, Lee changes plans for Day 2 and divides his army Meade’s plan is to hold high ground and make Lee come to him SICKLES is the key to Meade’s plan (hold ridge) Feels unprotected, sends large force across con. line Cannot be helped

10. Devil’s Den Sickles moved men to a jumbled maze of boulders (Devil’s Den) 4:00 p.m. on July 2 Hood’s Confederates attack the Federal left flank 1 hour later McLaws joins Hood Confederates capture Devil’s Den, crush Sickles corps pushing them through the wheat field

11. The Wheat field Mid-way between Devil’s Den and the Peach Orchard Fighting from 5:30-6:30p.m. Anderson kept pushing Sickles through wheat field 3 pitched battles Wheat field runs red

12. LITTLE ROUND TOP - Confederates were jubilant after winning at Devil’s Den - First William Oates rested men on Big Round top - But Laws arrived and told him Hood had been wounded - Oates ordered to move to Little Round Top annihilated - 20th Maine vs.15th Ala. - Chamberlin told to hold line - Chamberlin won w/bayonets

13. CULP’S HILL  Lee’s Plan for Day 3 “Inflict a Knock out Blow”  Meade thought Lee would attack North  Meade’s plan on Culp’s Hill distracts Lee’s attack  Johnson tries flanking attack  Getting heavily peppered, so attacks Culp’s Hill  11:00 Union pushes Johnson back, cannons slam  Battle rages 7 hours (no reinforcements)  Johnson withdraws beyond Rock Creek range

14. PICKETT’S CHARGE Because of Johnson’s Defeat, Lee changes plan Concentrated force must attack center of union line Longstreet must lead off with cannon, unhappy Cannons overshoot their targets, union holds fire Pickett leads his troops a mile over open ground Pickett’s troops are being hit from all sides, 3,000 die