1. 14-10-20037y710-Air: J.E.M.H. van Bronswijk1 Health risks from the air Opportunities & Problems

2. 14-10-20037y710-Air: J.E.M.H. van Bronswijk2 Air is Life Death occurs after a few minutes without oxygen

3. 14-10-20037y710-Air: J.E.M.H. van Bronswijk3 Indoor Air Perishable Commodity (< 24 Hours) Remove and replenish constantly Intelligent Control ( Smart Buildings / Domotics / Ambient Intelligence ) Bio-film development on Surfaces ( commonly also inhabited by mites and insects ) Beware of Biowar!

4. 14-10-20037y710-Air: J.E.M.H. van Bronswijk4 CO 2 as a pollution marker Pollutants in the Indoor Air Pollutants in the Indoor Air 340 ppm Outdoor value 340 ppm Outdoor value 700 ppm Airway irritation in Chronic Lung Patients 700 ppm Airway irritation in Chronic Lung Patients 1000 ppm Airway irritation in most persons 1200 ppm Hygienic limit in Netherlands Schools

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7. 14-10-20037y710-Air: J.E.M.H. van Bronswijk7 Ventilation & Loss of Health Source: LGH Koren, CEE Pernot, JEMH van Bronswijk. Gezondheidsrisico’s van ventilatiesystemen in woningen. TU/e, NOVEM, July 30, 2001 Loss of Healthy Years in the Netherlands / Million Inhabitants in 1994 Total Attributable to Indoor Air Quality n% Atopic Diseases1,9811,58580 Chronic bronchitis & Lung Emphysema9,2042,76130 Lung Cancer8,03792212

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9. 14-10-20037y710-Air: J.E.M.H. van Bronswijk9 House Dust Mites

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11. 14-10-20037y710-Air: J.E.M.H. van Bronswijk11 Source: JEMH van Bronswijk, G Pauli (eds) 1996. An update on long-lasting mite avoidance. GuT, Aachen. ISBN 3-00-000896-9

12. 14-10-20037y710-Air: J.E.M.H. van Bronswijk12 The 6 Global Risk Areas for mite growth and survival in carpeting of well ventilated and heated rooms 1. No survival 2. Survival on poorly insulated ground floors 3. Survival on all floors 4. Growth on poorly insulated ground floors 5. Growth on most floors 6. Growth on all floors 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

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14. 14-10-20037y710-Air: J.E.M.H. van Bronswijk14 Healthy and Sustainable Building Healthy Indoor Air Disease Risks: - Asthma & other allergic disease - COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) - Lung Cancer - Veteran’s Disease / SARS (aerosols) Prevention: - Keep CO 2 -concentration below 700 ppm - Harmonize pollutant production with ventilation intensity - Keep RH below 55% for at least 3 consecutive months/year - Use emission-low finishing materials - Prevent aerosol-formation and beware of fibres floating in the air

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16. 14-10-20037y710-Air: J.E.M.H. van Bronswijk16 Anthrax at Work Purple chain of Anthrax bacteria © C. James Webb, 1994 http://www.accessexcellence.com/WN/SUA12/anthrax298.html

17. 14-10-20037y710-Air: J.E.M.H. van Bronswijk17 Safety Plan - Safety analysis of potable water supply, air exchange, and sewage disposal - Attack safety leaks (Design & Maintenance) - Fast Biosensors with 24-Hour monitoring - Double Systems

18. 14-10-20037y710-Air: J.E.M.H. van Bronswijk18 Anti-Bioterrorism Activities (near Future) - Design for safety - Security analysis of design - ‘Embedded’ safety systems - Biosensor-update Subscription Biochip with built-in telemetric facilities http://ws351.uncc.edu/tpw/bio/bchip.htm