1. Jesper Ellerbæk Nielsen 1 of 5 URBANWATER Weather Radar Applications Quantitative Precipitation Estimates Measured by C- and X- Band Radars – The Potential for Integration

2. Jesper Ellerbæk Nielsen 2 of 5 URBANWATER Weather Radar Applications Stratiform precipitation – Example 1 09 June 2009 C-band LAWR I case of widespread low-laying precipitation the upper part of the LAWR beam will break out of the precipi- tation quite close to the radar due to the large vertical opening angle. This results in only partly filled sampling volumes and thereby poor observations at longer distances.

3. Jesper Ellerbæk Nielsen 3 of 5 URBANWATER Weather Radar Applications Stratiform precipitation – Example 2 12 June 2009 I case of widespread low-laying precipita-tion the upper part of the LAWR beam will break out of the precipitation quite close to the radar due to the large vertical opening angle. This results in only partly filled sampling volumes and thereby poor observations at longer distances. C-band LAWR

4. Jesper Ellerbæk Nielsen 4 of 5 URBANWATER Weather Radar Applications Convective precipitation – Example 1 06 July 2009 In the case of convective precipitation, the vertical extent of the precipitation is much higher and partly filled sampling volumes are no issue for the LAWR radar. In this case, the disadvantage of low spatial resolution for the C-band radar becomes clearer. The LAWR detects the spatial variations within the convective precipitation in more detail. C-band LAWR

5. Jesper Ellerbæk Nielsen 5 of 5 URBANWATER Weather Radar Applications Convective precipitation – Example 2 07 June 2009 In the case of convective precipitation, the vertical extent of the precipitation is much higher and partly filled sampling volumes are no issue for the LAWR radar. In this case, the disadvantage of low spatial resolution for the C-band radar becomes clearer. The LAWR detects the spatial variations within the convective precipitation in more detail. C-band LAWR

6. Jesper Ellerbæk Nielsen 6 of 5 URBANWATER Weather Radar Applications

7. Jesper Ellerbæk Nielsen 7 of 5 URBANWATER Weather Radar Applications

8. Jesper Ellerbæk Nielsen 8 of 5 URBANWATER Weather Radar Applications

9. Jesper Ellerbæk Nielsen 9 of 5 URBANWATER Weather Radar Applications