1. Pluralistic Theory of Sovereignty
Pluralism is reaction against the absolutism of state. They believe state is a association like other associations. Thus the state can not hold monopoly over the supreme power. The sovereignty should be divided among many associations.

2. Factors responsible for the growth of pluralism
Influence of individualists
Support of the influences of middle age
Support by Anarchists, syndicalists and Guild Syndicalists
Development of internationalism
Development of public welfare states

3. Criticism of pluralistic theory
Man will come under the various associations
Wrong and narrow view regarding the functions of the state
Laws are not independent of the statw authority
Different associations will come into existence for bad purposespluralists lead to Anarchy

4. How to fix the boundaries of the functions of different associations
Only state can settle the disputes among different associations
Sovereign state is necessary to save the state from external invasions
There is coordination among the various aspects of man’s life
Lack of uniformity among the views of pluralists
It is impracticable to divide sovereignty
The state is externally sovereign
This theory is dangerous
False fear of state sovereignty

5. Value of this theory Emphasis on decentralisation
Based on the principle of division of labour
Recognise the value of different associations
Welcome reaction against absolute sovereignty

6. Main ideas of pluralist
The state is one association like other associations
Sovereignty is externally limited
Sovereignty is internally limited

7. References
Aggarwal R.C., Principles of Political Science, S.Chand Company, New Delhi, 1976.
Badyal, J.S, Political Theory, Raj Publishers, 2012, Jalander.
Garner James Wildford, Political Science and Government, The World Press Priviate LTD. Calcutta, 1951.
Gauba O.P, An Introduction to Political Theory, Macmillan Publisher, Delhi, 2009.
Heywood Andrew, Political Theory An Introduction, Palgrave Macmillan, New Yeork, 2005.
Misra K.K & Iyengar Kalpana. M, Modern Political Theory, S.Chand Company, New Delhi,
Ray Amal, Political Theory Idess and Institutions, The World Press Priviate LTD. Calcutta, 1988
Johari J.C, Principles of Modern Political Science, Sterling Publishers, New Delhi, 1989.

8. By
Dr. AMANDIP KAUR
DEPTT. OF POLITICAL SCIENCE,
PGGCG, SEC. 11, CHANDIGARH