1. SOVEREIGNTY

2. Language Sovereignty Souvereiniteit Souverainite Superanus supremasi

3. Sovereignty Concept The highest power The Authority as sources of the law and action Above the law “ The Quality of having supreme (ultimate) independent authority over a territory”

4. THE SHIFT OF SOVEREIGNTY Over Individual. Over Certain Place (national state). From Individual holder to people (community) holder). From Defendability to Recognition (UN Resolution, SC Veto).

5. JEAN BODIN Souveregnty is manifested in the hand of king. King responsible to the God Pricipus legibus solutus  The supreme legislator. King is the shadow of the God. (le Prince est l’image de Dieu) Absolut Souverignty.

6. MONISTIC THEORY Permanence  as long as state exist Indivisible  wholleness Supreme  every power do not obey the Sovereignty is the sovereignty Unlimited  if there is limitation, so the limitation is the sovereignty Complete  no exception

7. CRITICS Pluralism Social Contract Internal Sovereignty

8. Classification Internal Sovereignty External Sovereignty – Independence De Facto Sovereignty De Jure Sovereignty

9. AUSTIN Every state has Sovereignty Unlimited and undivided In the hand of certain people The Order of the Sovereignty is Law Critics: – Human rights, civil society – Division of powers

10. Sovereignty Theories The Sources of Sovereignty Who hold/has the Sovereignty? – God Sovereignty – People Sovereignty – State Sovereignty – Law Sovereignty