1. Government

2. Welcome to Government Class!
Absent
Webpage
Classroom Expectations
Test Retakes
High Achieving Student

3. Midterm Elections…
What were the results? How do these results impact you? Our Government?

4. Midterm Elections
There are six different stations around the room. Move to each station and read the article, look at the statistics, analyze the cartoon, and write a response.
Your response, quality of response, and time will be graded. Be a high achieving student!

5. Share results
Each group will share comments about each topic/picture/graph/cartoon/article.

6. Reflection
What do the results of the midterm elections say about the feelings of Americans toward our current government? View this at a local level, state level, and a national level. Your responses will be turned in.

7. How did organized rule in society begin?

8. Principles of Government
What is “the state” ?
Taken from the Latin stare (to stand) a state is a political community that occupies a definite territory; having an organized government with the authority to make and enforce laws without the consent of a higher authority.
Synonymous with the term country and nation-state
This is NOT a state in the United States.
* Not to be confused with nation, which is defined as a group of people united by some common bond. Such as…

9. What are the features of a state?
Principles of Government
What are the features of a state?
Population
Territory / land
Sovereignty – supreme and absolute power within its territorial boundaries. For example…
Government – the institution and processes through which the state maintains social order, provides public services, and enforces binding decisions. Such as…

10. Principles of Government
Origins of the State
How did states and governments come into being? Four theories:
Evolution Theory
Force Theory
Divine Right
Social Contract

11. Evolution Theory Examples… Principles of Government
States evolved from family units
Families grew into large extended units or tribes
Heads of the family served as a government How so…
Evolved into tribal councils with a hierarchy of authority
Examples…

12. Force Theory Principles of Government
Governments emerged when people are were brought under the control of some authority
States emerged from the conquest of other families or tribes

13. Divine Right Principles of Government
Belief that kings are chosen by a deity to rule the state Ancient examples include Egyptians and Aztecs
15th Century Europe, the belief is used by royalty as the justification for absolute rule
To question the king was not only treason but seen as a sin against God

14. State?
In terms of government….what characteristics describe a state?

15. Sovereignty
What is the difference between: Absolute Sovereignty: Popular Sovereignty:

16. Government Theories….
Define: Evolution Theory Force Theory Divine Right Theory

17. Social Contract ~ Hobbes
Principles of Government
Social Contract ~ Hobbes
17th Century & The Age of Enlightenment, People begin to challenge the monarchy and the idea of Divine Right
Thomas Hobbes promotes the concept of government by social contract

18. Hobbes ~ Social Contract
Principles of Government
Hobbes ~ Social Contract
In a “State of Nature” there is no government and man is free.
However, absolute freedom has a price… life is “cruel, brutish and short” Why?
To escape this cruel reality, men would give up some freedom to the state; in return the government (state) would offer people security through law & order

19. Locke ~ Social Contract
Principles of Government
Locke ~ Social Contract
John Locke took Hobbes ideas one step further by promoting the “right to revolution”
Locke believed that if the government fails to provide people with security or if the state abused its power over the people the people could change the government. Does this happen today?

20. Hobbes and Locke Handouts

21. Hobbes and Locke Foldable
Picture….look at your handout to help.
10 facts including his view of government.
Locke
Picture….look at your handout to help.
10 facts including his view of government.

22. Thomas Hobbes

23. John Locke

24. Smartboard Activity

25. Purpose of Government

26. Government
Write the main events that you participate in during the day.
Look at your daily events, and make notes next to each activity stating if/how the government plays a role. Education: Teachers receive federal money for retirement and schools receive federal money.

27. Purposes of Government
Government decisions are binding on all citizens
Government has the authority to require all citizens to obey these decisions AND the power to punish those who do not obey

28. The Purposes of Government
Government Authority Comes From:
1 – Legitimacy = the willingness of citizens to obey the government
U.S. government is based on the consent of the people
2 – Coercive Force = can force citizens to follow decisions AND punish offenders through the police, court system, or military

29. Functions of Government
1 – To maintain social order
People need government to maintain social order because they cannot live in groups without conflict
Some people may try to take advantage of others
Governments provide ways of resolving conflict
Makes and enforces laws

30. Functions of Government
2 – To provide public services
Provide essential services that make community life possible and promote the general welfare
Ex. – Water & Sewer Systems, Public Health & Safety, Education

31. Functions of Government
3 – To provide for national security and a common defense
Protect citizens against attacks by other states or from threats of terrorism
Handles relations with foreign nations
Ex. Treaties & Trade Agreements

32. Functions of Government
4 – To provide for and control the economic system
Governments pass laws that shape the economic environment of the nation
Ex. – Provide National Currency, Distribute Benefits, Control Inflation, Develop Natural Resources

33. Purpose of Government
All 4 functions share a single fundamental purpose:
TO SERVE THE PUBLIC GOOD & WELL-BEING OF SOCIETY

34. Create a Mind Map
Draw a mind map focusing on the functions of government. Include the functions and words to describe each function. Include a picture for each function. Stick people are acceptable.

35. Government
List the functions and purpose of government.