1. Indian Education for All Grade 5
Indian Wars of Montana
Indian Education for All
Grade 5

2. Battle of the Rosebud
One of the largest confrontations of the Montana Indian Wars
1876
Army trying to round up Sioux and Cheyenne tribes to place on the reservation

3. Battle of the Little Bighorn
Custer
Has 1050 soldiers
Has 260 Crow and Shoshone scouts
Is in Montana Territory in Rosebud Valley
Scouts report a large concentration of Lakota Sioux and Cheyenne tribes
Crook led one of three columns of soldiers

4. Battle of the Rosebud June 17, 1876 Crazy Horse and Crook
Have equal number of fighters
Fight battle over uneven ground
Separate into three skirmishes
Brave deeds were witnessed on both sides
Cheyenne girl saves her brother after his horse is shot out from under him
Skirmishes last 6 hours
Lakota and Cheyenne call off fight
Battle has come to a standstill
Crook’s army
10 killed; 21 wounded
Indians suffer similar losses

5. Battle of the Rosebud Crook withdraws to Goose Creek
Near Sheridan, Wyoming
His troops are out of any further campaigns for two months
Different views of the battle
Crook blamed for the defeat 8 days later of Custer because he didn’t route the Indians at Rosebud
Crook felt victorious because Indians left battlefield
Lakota and Sioux felt victorious because they defended their land
Crow and Shoshone (scouts) felt victorious because they helped fight the Lakota and Cheyenne who were encroaching on their lands

6. Battle of the Little Bighorn
Known as “Custer’s Last Stand”
1874
Discovery of gold in Black Hills
Prospectors entering Native American Territory
Lakota Sioux
Chiefs Sitting Bull,
Crazy Horse and Gall
Led assaults on
prospectors

7. Battle of the Little Bighorn
1875
U.S. tries and fails to acquire Black Hills Territory
Indians refused to sell because they considered it sacred ground

8. Battle of the Little Bighorn
1876
Army launches expedition against Lakota and Cheyenne
Army plans to gather Sioux and Cheyenne tribes and force them onto reservations
Custer joins the expedition
Commander is General Alfred Terry

9. Battle of the Little Bighorn
George A. Custer
Chief army officer in battle
One of the youngest general in U.S. army
After Civil War was given the rank of captain
1866 Custer joins the 7th Calvary and becomes a Lieutenant Colonel
Acquired fame as an Indian fighter in the Southwest, Dakota and Montana territories

10. Battle of the Little Bighorn
Soldiers enter Montana Territory
Scouts see
Campfire smoke
Signs of Indians encampments
Custer
Ignores orders from Terry
Decides to attack Indian encampment before infantry and support arrive
June 25, 1876 spies Indian village 15 miles in the distance on Little Bighorn River
Believes there are 1000 Indians
Scouts say signs point to much larger population of Indians in the village

11. Battle of the Little Bighorn
Custer
Feels his 647 men could easily defeat 1000 Indians
(Actually Indian village has 2,500 to 5,000 people instead of 1000 as Custer thought)
This village was the largest assembly of tribes in Western history
Custer orders immediate attack on village
He splits his regiment into 3 columns:
Captain Benteen
Major Reno
General Custer

12. Eyewitness Battle Account
ONE BULL Minneconjou Sioux, Nephew of Sitting Bull, Describing Reno's Charge on the Indian Village
"I was sitting in my teepee combing my hair....I saw a man named Fat Bear come running into camp and he said soldiers were coming on the other side of the river....We could hear lots of shooting. I went to [the] teepee of my uncle, Sitting Bull, and said I was going to take part in the battle."

13. Battle of the Little Bighorn
Captain Benteen
Ordered to search the valleys for Indians
Major Reno
Ordered to charge across the river and attack the village
General Custer
Will advance to the higher ground to the right and attack the village from the rear

14. Battle of the Little Bighorn
Major Reno
Encountered bloody fighting in the valley
Retreats across the river and up the bluffs
Joins Captain Benteen’s men and take up defensive positions
Benteen and Reno hold this position for two days until General Terry arrives on June 27

15. Battle of the Little Bighorn
General Custer
Is 5 miles away attacking the village
Troops are completely wiped out by Chief Crazy Horse and Chief Gall’s warriors
Not one of Custer’s men survived
U.S. Army retaliated swiftly
Lakota Sioux scattered
Crazy Horse capture
Murdered while in army custody

16. Nez Perce War of 1877
Five bands of Nez Perce begin 1700 mile trek to try to reach Canada
Tribe hopes to have peaceful trip
Trying to avoid going to reservation
General Howard has orders to bring the Nez Perce Tribe to a reservation in Idaho
Nez Perce Tribe
Arrives in Big Hole Valley on August 7

17. Nez Perce War of 1877 Nez Perce Chief Looking Glass
Is a trail chief for tribe
Sets up camp using an old camp site
Doesn’t place guards
Feels safe

18. Eyewitness Account of the Battle
"We came to that place in the afternoon, towards evening. We stayed that night and next day. Evening came on again, and it was after sundown — not too late — lots of us children were playing. It was below the camp towards the creek that we ... boys played the stick or bone game. They were noisy, having lots of fun, and I was with them. We were only having a good time." White Bird Nez Perce Child

19. Nez Perce War of 1877 Colonel Gibbon
Is in charge of secondary army force
Has 163 men
Have orders to catch up to Nez Perce
Attacks Nez Perce camp
Shoot women and children along with warriors
60 to 90 people killed
Mostly women, children and old people

20. Eyewitness Account of Battle
"The women, all scared when the soldiers charged the camp, ran into the water, the brush. Any place where they could hide themselves and children. Many were killed as they ran. They had no guns. Those two brave women must have run for shelter, but seeing so many women and children falling, got guns, maybe from dead soldiers, and helped drive the enemies from the camp." Red Wolf Nez Perce Warrior

21. Nez Perce War of 1877 Nez Perce Indians Divide tribe into 3 bands
One band withdraw to help Chief Joseph
One band stays to care for injured and bury the dead
One band keeps battle going with soldiers so tribe members can go south

22. Nez Perce War of 1877 Nez Perce
Indians continue to fight until August 10
Remaining warriors slip away to rejoin the main part of tribe
September 30
Near Bear Paw Mountains of Montana
40 miles south of Canadian border
Nez Perce are surprised by Colonel Miles
Battle lasts five days
Tribe hungry and cold

23. Nez Perce War of 1877
Four major chiefs of the tribe are killed including Looking Glass
Looking Glass
Is Chief Joseph’s brother
Is killed in this battle
Tribe has no reserve food supply of food
Old people are dying of cold and hunger

24. Nez Perce War of 1877 Chief Joseph surrenders
Nez Perce tribe is sent to Oklahoma

25. Nez Perce War of 1877 Chief Joseph’s Surrender Speech
“I am tired of fighting.
Our chiefs are killed…..The old men are all dead. He who led the young men is dead.
It is cold and we have no blankets.
The little children are freezing to death.
My people—some of them have run away to the hills and have no blankets and no food.
No one knows where they are—perhaps freezing to death.
I want to have time to look for my children and see how many of them I can find.
Maybe I shall find them among the dead.
Hear me, my chiefs, my heart is sick and sad…
From where the sun now stands I will fight no more forever.”

26. Directions for Jeopardy Game
The following slide is a review of facts done in a Jeopardy game format.
Divide the class into teams.
The teams will take turns selecting a question
The first team contestant will pick a category and an amount
Make sure to click in the center of the button when you select.
The question appears
When you want to check the answer, select anywhere on the screen.
Push the home button to get another question.
Keep track of the team scores