1. British Computer Society Presents Mobile Telecommunication By Nadine Mouali Technical Presentation Monday 17 June, 2002

2. 2Monday, 17 June, 2002For BCS by Nadine Mouali Mobile Telecom Agenda 1.Overview of Cellular Systems 2.The Handset 3.The SIM Card 4.The Radio Interface and Microwave Transmission 5.The GSM Network The Base Station Subsystem The Network Subsystem 6.The Value Added Services on GSM Voice Mail SMS Fax and data 7.Coverage and Infrastructure Management

3. 3Monday, 17 June, 2002For BCS by Nadine Mouali Mobile Telecom Introduction Radio = 170 years old Sender Means Reception Mass Media GSM = 20 years old Telephone = 110 years old

4. 4Monday, 17 June, 2002For BCS by Nadine Mouali Mobile Telecom Overview of Cellular Systems GSM Group Special Mobile Global System for Mobile Communication DCS Digital Cellular System PCS Personal Communications Services

5. 5Monday, 17 June, 2002For BCS by Nadine Mouali Mobile Telecom What’s a Cell ? This is a cell

6. 6Monday, 17 June, 2002For BCS by Nadine Mouali Mobile Telecom Cell Coverage

7. 7Monday, 17 June, 2002For BCS by Nadine Mouali Mobile Telecom Cell Coverage in Belgium

8. 8Monday, 17 June, 2002For BCS by Nadine Mouali Mobile Telecom Rationalized architecture - Easily maintainable by IT with significant resource savings Quantum IMS SAP DB GIS DB Data Base GIS on MapGuideServer TeleAtlas Mapmaking Tool Web server GIS clients via web browser background Predicted coverage Site, links, faults Shops and Dealers Geographical Information System for Coverage Management

9. 9Monday, 17 June, 2002For BCS by Nadine Mouali Mobile Telecom

10. 10Monday, 17 June, 2002For BCS by Nadine Mouali Mobile Telecom The handset Handset is a transmitter and receiver (2 watt) Most important is the IMEI IMEI = International Mobile Equipment Identity This is a unique number Is the passport for the handset on the network You also need : MSISDN number (e.g. 0496/45.85.22) IMSI SIM

11. 11Monday, 17 June, 2002For BCS by Nadine Mouali Mobile Telecom What is a SIM Card ? Credit card model Plug-in model SIM = Subscriber Identity Module It’s the hart of all mobile communication It’s your personal passport on the network

12. 12Monday, 17 June, 2002For BCS by Nadine Mouali Mobile Telecom What is on a SIM Card ? SIM Serial IMSI Security Files : Secret Key (PIN1, PIN2, PUK)Secret Key (PIN1, PIN2, PUK) Encrypting Key (ki)Encrypting Key (ki) User Information ----> Configuration Data Network Information Channel InfoChannel Info Preferred NetworkPreferred Network Location DataLocation Data Prohibited NetworksProhibited Networks ADM = phonebook memory 100 numbers of 14 digits100 numbers of 14 digits 12 alphatags12 alphatags FDN = fixed phonebook memory 20 numbers of 14 digits20 numbers of 14 digits 12 alphatags12 alphatags SMS = short messages 10 messages of 160 characters10 messages of 160 characters MSISDN = Mobile Subscription Integrated Service Digital Network 4 numbers of 12 digits ( memory help )4 numbers of 12 digits ( memory help ) they are your own mobile numbers ( voice, data, fax and 2nd line )they are your own mobile numbers ( voice, data, fax and 2nd line ) SMSC = short messages service centre number +32486000005+32486000005 SDN * = Service Dailling Numbers 10 numbers of 14 digits10 numbers of 14 digits 12 Alphatags ( fixed on the memory of the card12 Alphatags ( fixed on the memory of the card )

13. 13Monday, 17 June, 2002For BCS by Nadine Mouali Mobile Telecom What is a SIM Toolkit ? All GSM Services Can be updated or modified by OTA ( Over The Air programming. For this purpose, a SIM toolkit is provided in the Subscriber Identification Module. Simtoolkit is an application that is stored on your Simcard and offers you a 2- way communication between the network and the SIM It appears as an extra menu in the phone and offers intelligent value added services to the customer Examples: Ordering pizza Ordering a taxi Paying your bills etc...

14. 14Monday, 17 June, 2002For BCS by Nadine Mouali Mobile Telecom Radio Transmission Radio Link

15. 15Monday, 17 June, 2002For BCS by Nadine Mouali Mobile Telecom Operation of a mobile station in active speech or data communication using a single time slot. The TDMA Frame

16. 16Monday, 17 June, 2002For BCS by Nadine Mouali Mobile Telecom uplin k From mobile phone to base station Frequency 1710 MHz. / 1785 MHz. Used for transmitting (Tx channel) 374 up link-channels The Radio Up Link

17. 17Monday, 17 June, 2002For BCS by Nadine Mouali Mobile Telecom From the base station to mobile phone Frequency 1805 MHz / 1880 MHz Used for receiving (Rx channel) 374 down link-channels downlink The Radio Down Link

18. 18Monday, 17 June, 2002For BCS by Nadine Mouali Mobile Telecom Radio Transmission Interfering Factors in Radio Link

19. 19Monday, 17 June, 2002For BCS by Nadine Mouali Mobile Telecom paperleadbrick Radio Transmission Permeability

20. 20Monday, 17 June, 2002For BCS by Nadine Mouali Mobile Telecom Microwave Transmission

21. 21Monday, 17 June, 2002For BCS by Nadine Mouali Mobile Telecom Microwave transmission

22. 22Monday, 17 June, 2002For BCS by Nadine Mouali Mobile Telecom 5-10 km Microwave transmission within a cell

23. 23Monday, 17 June, 2002For BCS by Nadine Mouali Mobile Telecom Better coverage here Than here BTS Site Antennas (the BTS Sites) are on roofs of buildings or at elevated positions. It stands to reason that you will get better coverage, the higher up in the building you are.

24. 24Monday, 17 June, 2002For BCS by Nadine Mouali Mobile Telecom Mobile Station Base Station Sub System Network Switching Sub System Public Switched Telephone Network Operating Sub System Basic Schedule of the GSM Network

25. 25Monday, 17 June, 2002For BCS by Nadine Mouali Mobile Telecom Base Station Controller (BSC) Star configuration BS The Base Station Sub System Configuration BS

26. 26Monday, 17 June, 2002For BCS by Nadine Mouali Mobile Telecom BSC Closed loop BS Daisy Chain Configuration The Base Station Sub System Configuration BS

27. 27Monday, 17 June, 2002For BCS by Nadine Mouali Mobile Telecom Photo of base station high in the sky + microwave (source GIS) Example of base station (microwave transmitter)

28. 28Monday, 17 June, 2002For BCS by Nadine Mouali Mobile Telecom Motorway Example of Base Station

29. 29Monday, 17 June, 2002For BCS by Nadine Mouali Mobile Telecom Church Example of Base Station

30. 30Monday, 17 June, 2002For BCS by Nadine Mouali Mobile Telecom Rooftop of Building Example of Base Station

31. 31Monday, 17 June, 2002For BCS by Nadine Mouali Mobile Telecom Top of lamppost Example of Base Station

32. 32Monday, 17 June, 2002For BCS by Nadine Mouali Mobile Telecom Base Station (BTS) Base Station (BTS) Base Station Controller (BSC) Network Switching Sub System (NSS) Manhattan centre The Functionality of a Base Station Sub System

33. 33Monday, 17 June, 2002For BCS by Nadine Mouali Mobile Telecom BSC Base Subsystems and Network Subsystems

34. 34Monday, 17 June, 2002For BCS by Nadine Mouali Mobile Telecom BSC MSC Network Subsystems - The Switch

35. 35Monday, 17 June, 2002For BCS by Nadine Mouali Mobile Telecom Base Subsystems and Network Subsystems

36. 36Monday, 17 June, 2002For BCS by Nadine Mouali Mobile Telecom Network Switching Sub System Home Location Register (HLR) Visitor Location Register (VLR) Equipment Identity Register (EIR) Authentication Centre Echo Canceller BTS Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) Mobile Switching Center (MSC) (controls HLR,VLR and EIR) The Network Switching Sub System

37. 37Monday, 17 June, 2002For BCS by Nadine Mouali Mobile Telecom PSTN GATEWAY MSC hlrvlr Network Switching Sub System (NSS) BSC BTS MSC MS A Call From a PSTN Phone to a Mobile Phone

38. 38Monday, 17 June, 2002For BCS by Nadine Mouali Mobile Telecom MSC HLR Network Switching Sub System (NSS) VLR MSC BSC RBS MS A Call From Mobile to Mobile

39. 39Monday, 17 June, 2002For BCS by Nadine Mouali Mobile Telecom Value Added Services on the GSM network Voice Processing System (VPS) Short Message Service Centre (SMSC) Data and Fax facilities

40. 40Monday, 17 June, 2002For BCS by Nadine Mouali Mobile Telecom Value Added Services on the GSM network Fax and Data Facilities : Separate Data and Fax number needed PCMCIA card Laptop and communication software Advantages of FAX and Data on ISDN Digital system, does not recognize difference between speech, fax or data Standard sends on all 3 a speech signal

41. 41Monday, 17 June, 2002For BCS by Nadine Mouali Mobile Telecom Examples of PCMCIA Cards : Value Added Services on the GSM network

42. 42Monday, 17 June, 2002For BCS by Nadine Mouali Mobile Telecom Summary 1.Overview of Cellular Systems 2.The Handset 3.The SIM Card 4.The Radio Interface and Microwave Transmission 5.The GSM Network The Base Station Subsystem The Network Subsystem 6.The Value Added Services on GSM Voice Mail SMS Fax and data 7.Coverage and Infrastructure Management