1. Evaporative Light Scattering Detector Product Range

2. Introduction PL-ELS 1000 PL-ELS 2100
Polymer Laboratories ELSD portfolio includes 2 models, each offering high sensitivity for a wide range of applications
PL-ELS 1000
Routine GPC and HPLC using high boiling point solvents
PL-ELS 2100
Regular HPLC with low temperature operation for volatile compounds

3. Application Areas of PL’s ELSDs
PL-ELS 1000
GPC analysis
Ambient
High Temperature
HPLC of non volatiles
Lipids
Sugars
(Microbore LC)
PL-ELS 2100
Low temperature analysis
HPLC of volatiles & semi-volatile analytes
Pharmaceuticals
Nutraceuticals
Combinatorial libraries
Ambient GPC analysis
SFC

4. PL-ELS 1000 High Temperature ELSD
Solvent resistance enclosure
Clear Display of Detector
Output and Exhaust temperature
Status LEDs
Display – detector output, exhaust temp
Status LED - green light = ready, red light = standby/error
Handset – mode of operation, methods, temp and gas control, auto zero, clear errors
Removable handset allows
instrument control both on and
off the unit

5. PL-ELS 1000 High Temperature ELSD

6. PL-ELS 1000 Nebulizer Gas Inlet Eluent Inlet
The eluent “droplet” is sheared
from the needle by the gas supply
(cross-flow nebulization)

7. PL-ELS 1000 Evaporator
A large thermal mass ensures accurate and constant temperature control
The chamber is independently temperature controlled
The PL-ELS 1000 can operate up to 300°C

8. PL-ELS 1000 Optics Light Source (tungsten halogen lamp) Detector
(via fiber optic cable
to Photodiode detector)
(tungsten halogen
lamp)

9. Safety Features Vapour sensors Independent temperature sensors
Gas flow safety
Electrical surge protection
CE compliant

10. Drain from solvent trap
Solvent Trap and Waste
Nebulizer waste
To extraction system
Drain from solvent trap
PTFE narrow bore exhaust tubing
Glass collection vessel
99.5%+ recovery for aqueous based solvents
Safe and environmentally friendly
Waste drain allows constant pressure
Waste drain

11. Control features and Modes of Operation
Run
Instrument is fully operational
Standby
Power on, instrument parameters can be modified
Sleep
Instrument shut down
Gas Save
Heaters at operational temperature
Gas flow rate and heaters at operational levels
Gas flow set at zero, lamp and heaters off
Gas flow closed, lamp and heaters off
Gas flow at low flow (0.1 SLM)

12. Control features and Modes of Operation
Control parameters stored as method.
10 locally
unlimited via software
System automation
Instrument diagnostics
Operational log
Computer software
Removable handset
System performance testing

13. PC Control Software and System Performance Testing
Runs a series of diagnostic checks on the detector
When used in conjunction with the log can be used to diagnose errors.
Can be used to validate detector performance
OQ, IQ and PQ feature

14. Computer Interface
Monitor available giving view of output, temperatures and gas flow

15. Polymer Additive Analysis
Most additives are non-volatile and do not possess a UV chromophore. The and universality and high temperature range of the PL-ELS 1000 provides a sensitivity detection technique.
Columns : 2 x PLgel 5um 50Å
Eluent : THF + 0.1% diethanolamine
Flow rate : 1.0ml/min
Chimasorb 944
Irgafos 168
Irganox 1010
Tinuvin 622
Tinuvin 770
Tinuvin 327 6
minutes 20

16. Separation of PEG Using GPEC
The PL-ELS 1000 can be operated at high temperature for polymer analysis, such as GPEC.
Samples: Narrow polyethylene glycol standards
(Mp 600 and 1470)
Columns: Zorbax 300 SB-C18 5µm, 150x4.6mm
Eluent: ACN: Water
Flow rate: 0.5mL/min
Detector: PL-ELS 1000
Evap 140°C, neb 100°C, gas flow 0.5SLM

17. Benefits of the PL-ELS 1000
Operating Temperature range from 40 to 300°C
Extremely low dispersion for high resolution separations
Highly Sensitive and Stable
High eluent flow rates, up to 3ml/min
Low gas consumption
Compatible with High Temperature GPC
Remote control
Easy to use software
Extremely small footprint, stackable

18. PL-ELS 2100 Compact, modern design Flat top Small footprint, stackable
Operation via control panel
and simple keypad
Column connection at front
of detector
One exhaust tube at rear,
one liquid waste port at front
200mm
450mm
Column Connection
Liquid Waste
Keypad
415mm
Display

19. Nebulization Eluent flow mixed with N2/Air
Concentric nebulizer gives efficient nebulization, stable droplet plume, uniform droplet size
Narrower cone of spray plume allows a smaller nebulizer chamber, which minimizes band broadening
Better recovery of semi-volatile solutes compared to cross-flow nebulizer
Easier to align, reproducible from one detector to another
Temperature independently controlled

20. Evaporation Solvent removed by heating
Temperature independently controlled
PL-ELS 2100 has an additional gas input that aids evaporation (patent pending)
Small volume evaporator
Fast thermal equilibration
Diffuser reduces turbulence inside evaporator tube which minimizes band broadening (patented)

21. Detection Blue LED light source (480nm) Intensity controllable by user
Photomultiplier detector tuned to same wavelength for increased sensitivity
Feedback control for light source provides constant output
Detector mounted directly onto the optics which eliminates stray light loss and increases sensitivity
Reduced volume in the optics chamber, minimizes band broadening
Digital gain control to optimize full scale sensitivity
Digital signal smoothing to optimize S/N ratio

22. Digital Signal Processing
Digital Signal functions are accessed via the down arrow key in main menu screen
Parameter Screen allows you to change
- PMT output or gain (1-250)
- Smoothing (1-50)
 - LED intensity (0-100)

23. Two modes of operation :
Simple Operation
Two modes of operation :
STANDBY
Power on
LED off
Heaters off
Gas at minimum flow rate (1.2 L/min)
- Gas shuts off after 15 minutes
RUN
LED on
Temperatures and gas flow controlled to set values

24. Operating the PL-ELS 2100: Onboard Instrument Control
Interactive menu bar
Current method
Mode
Detector
output
Status
Actual values of set parameters
Keypad

25. PL-ELS 2100 Control Software
Select mode of operation
Control parameters
Evaporator & Nebulizer temp
Gas flow ( L/min)
Monitor output
Gain setting ( )
Signal smoothing (0-5)
Log instrument conditions over time
Load / Edit methods
- 10 programmable methods

26. PL-ELS 2100 Control Software
Supplied as standard with the PL-ELS 2100
Select 1 of 10 different temperature programs according to analysis
Also available as a Software Development Kit for third party system integration
To use the control software simply connect the PL-ELS 2100 to a PC via a serial connection (RS232) on selectable COM port
Where no serial port is available, a USB serial connector can be used

27. Method Manager Software
Used when the instrument is to be controlled via the onboard instrument control (rather than software control)
This is a simple software utility designed to set up, edit and log defined methods which can then be downloaded to the
PL-ELS 2100
Method Manager Software supplied as standard with the
To use this software utility, simply connect the PL-ELS 2100 to a PC via a serial connection (RS232)

28. PL-ELS 2100: Routine Operation
When running with the “XXX” method, the User has complete flexibility to change parameters via the PL-ELS 2100 keypad and display (e.g. for method development)
Once standard methods for operation of the PL-ELS 2100 have been established, these can be stored using the PL-ELS 2100 Method Manager software utility and downloaded to the unit
These downloaded parameters are stored as numbered methods (1-10) and cannot be edited through the keypad, only by running the PL-ELS 2100 Method Manager software

29. A New Approach to ELS Detection
Operating conditions of the PL-ELS 1000 is based on the properties of the eluent (e.g. high boiling point solvents require high evaporator temperatures)
However, the PL-ELS 2100 operating conditions are determined by the properties of the analyte (e.g. semi-volatile or non-volatile)
The PL-ELS 2100 can evaporate water at ambient temperature, unlike the PL-ELS 1000.

30. Manipulating the PL-ELS 2100 Parameters
FOR NON-VOLATILE SOLUTES
Nebulizer and evaporator can run hot to increase signal to noise ratio
Gas flow is set as low as possible to maximize signal
FOR RELATIVELY VOLATILE SOLUTES
Nebulizer and evaporator run cold to increase signal
Gas flow is increased to control baseline noise

31. Volatile Applications: Effect of Changing Evaporator Temp
Samples: 1. Acetanilide, 2. Indapamide, 3. Ibuprofen,
4. Dibutylphthalate
Column: C18 5µm, 150x4.6mm
Eluent A: 0.1% TFA in Water
Eluent B: 0.1% TFA in ACN
Gradient: %B in 5 mins
Flow Rate: 1.0mL/min
Detector: PL-ELS 2100 (neb and evap set at the same temperature, gas 1.8 L/min)
Note: peak 2 is non-volatile, peaks 1, 3, 4 are relatively volatile

32. Volatile Applications: Effect of Changing Evaporator Temp
At high temperature peak 2 has better S/N but peaks 1,3,4 are not detected
At 30°C all four peaks are detected

33. Environmental Application:Herbicides
Sample: Mixture of 10 Phenylurea herbicides
Column: C18 5µm, 250x4.6mm
Eluent A: Water
Eluent B: Acetonitrile
Gradient: %B in 40 mins
Flow Rate: 0.7ml/min
Inj Vol: 20µl
Detector: PL-ELS 2100 (neb=25°C, evap & gas flow varied)

34. Environmental Application: Herbicides

35. Non-Volatile Applications: PEG 400 Separation
Sample: PEG 400
Column: PLRP-S 100Å 5µm, 150x4.6mm
Eluent A: Water
Eluent B: ACN
Gradient: % B in 12 mins
Flow Rate: 1.0mL/min
Inj Vol: 10µl

36. PEG 400: Effect of Changing Temperature
Higher temperatures increase S/N, no risk of loss due to evaporation
Evap 90°C Neb 90°C
Gas 1.6 L/min
Evap 30°C
Neb 30°C
Gas 1.6 L/min

37. PEG 400: Effect of Changing Gas Flow
Sensitivity is improved as gas flow is reduced
Evap 70°C
Neb 50°C
Gas 1.2 L/min
Evap 70°C
Neb 50°C
Gas 2.4 L/min

38. Non-Volatile Application: Triglycerides in Natural Oils
Sample: 2mg/ml Starflower Oil
Column: C18 5µm, 250x4.6mm
Eluent A: ACN
Eluent B: DCM
Gradient: % B in 40 mins; 50-90% in 2 mins,
hold for 3mins
Flow Rate: 1.0ml/min
Inj Vol: 20µl
Detector: PL-ELS 2100 (neb=40°C, evap=70°C, gas=1.4 L/min)

39. Advantages of ELSD: Uniformity of Response
Comparison of UV and ELS traces show that ELSD allows for a more uniform response than UV detection
Column: PLRP-S 100Å 5µm, 150 x4.6mm
Eluent A: 50% 0.1% TFA in Water : 50% 0.1% TFA in ACN
Flow Rate: 1.0ml/min
Inj Vol: µl
Detector: PL-ELS 2100 (neb=30°C, evap=30°C,
gas=1.4 L/min)
280nm

40. Comparing PL-ELS 1000 & 2100 response
PL-ELS 2100 gives better mass response due to lower temperature operation
80°C
Small response for UV peak 1 – not as strong a chromophore as 2
ELS gave very similar response – mass response
30°C

41. PL-ELS 2100: Fast Gradient, Fast Flow Rate Capability
Stable baseline throughout the gradient
PL-ELS 2100 can operate in 100% up to 5ml/min
2ml/min
3ml/min
4ml/min
5ml/min
min

42. PL-ELS 2100: DMSO Transparency
Sample: Pharmaceutical Mixture in DMSO
Column: C8 5µm, 50x4.6mm
Eluent A: Water
Eluent B: Acetonitrile
Gradient: 5-100% B in 5 mins
Flow Rate: 1.0ml/min
Inj Vol: 20µl
Detector: PL-ELS 2100 (neb=25°C, evap & gas flow varied)

43. Ideal for High Throughput Screening
Loss of volatile species occurs as temperature is increased

44. Ideal for High Throughput Screening
The design of the PL-ELS 2100 makes it transparent to DMSO at 25-30°C
Great potential in the High Throughput Combichem market
Unique to the PL-ELS 2100 due to its use of evaporation gas
PL-ELS 2100: neb=25°C, evap=30°C

45. Benefits of ELSD
Universal detector: independent of the optical properties of the solute
Compatible with gradient elution
Ideal for fast gradient elution:- no solvent front. Removes the need for derivatization
Compatible with chromatographic techniques such as MS and SFC
Wide application area

46. Additional Benefits of the PL-ELS 2100
Operation in 100% water at 25°C
DMSO transparency at ambient temperature
Extremely low dispersion for high resolution separations (e.g. SFC)
High sensitivity to volatile compounds
Compatible with eluent flow rates, up to 5ml/min
Rapid thermal equilibration
Easy to use
Extremely small footprint, stackable