1. New Directions in Federal Telecom Policies Presentation by Professor Robert G. Harris California Conference of Public Utility Counsel Monterey, CA October 5, 2009

2. Triangle of Telecom Policy-Making Agencies Regulatory Policy: FCC Antitrust & Competition Policy: FTC & DOJ Promotional Policy: NTIA/Commerce & RUS/DOA (Broadband Stimulus)

3. In the Shadow of the Law: The Role of the Courts Reviewing, overturning FCC regulatory decisions (UNE-P) Restricting application of antitrust laws in private enforcement actions (Trinko, LinkLine)

4. Regulation and Antitrust as Substitutes and as Complements Will Court decisions limiting reach of antitrust laws cause policy-makers to use regulatory instruments instead? Will Courts limit use of regulatory intervention (e.g. sale of wireless spectrum not subject to “net neutrality”)?

5. Major Forces of Change The “Wave” Effect (cross-industry tendencies) Deregulation of 1970’s-80’s Reregulation of 2008-16?

6. Major Forces of Change Personnel FCC: Genachowsi DOJ: Varney FTC: Leibowitz NTIA: Strickling Agenda for Change Activist Philosophical Approach

7. Major Forces of Change Cooperative Institutional Relationships Broadband: NTIA stimulus grants, FCC “broadband policy” Exclusive handset agreements (Apple-AT&T): DOJ, FCC

8. Major Forces of Change Continuing shift toward Federal v state policy-making Digital convergence across content and media Globalization of communications and information services Federal fiscal policy (stimulus)

9. Major Areas & Issues of Potential Change

10. Antitrust, Competition Policy & Consumer Protection More aggressive merger enforcement Testing the limits of Sherman Section 2 monopolization cases Use of consumer protection provisions of Section 5 Use of antitrust enforcement to protect against “patent holdup”

11. Regulatory Policy Net neutrality (Regulating VOIP, GoogleVoice?) Wireless competition Public subsidies to broadband investment Universal service: expand to wireless? broadband? Industry consolidation (e.g. cable systems, wireless)

12. Telecom as an “Enabler” Health Care: remote service delivery, digitization of records Education: connecting schools to broadband, learning “at home” Energy: smart grid