1. CAREERS IN LABORATORY MEDICINE Phlebotomist/Lab Assistant Cytologist/HistologistPathologist Medical Technologist

2. Phlebotomist/Lab Assistant Works directly with patientsWorks directly with patients Collects blood samples from patientsCollects blood samples from patients Delivers specimens to Lab personnel for testingDelivers specimens to Lab personnel for testing Education: High School DiplomaEducation: High School Diploma –On the job training or –Completion of phlebotomy course at an accredited school

3. Phlebotomy The obtaining of blood specimens by venipuncture or capillary punctureThe obtaining of blood specimens by venipuncture or capillary puncture Use of Vacutainers, syringes, needles, butterflies, finger lancetsUse of Vacutainers, syringes, needles, butterflies, finger lancets What do all those different colored tubes mean?What do all those different colored tubes mean?

4. Cytologist/Histologist Histologist prepares very thin sections of body tissues for microscopic exam by pathologistHistologist prepares very thin sections of body tissues for microscopic exam by pathologist Cytologist examines cells under the microscope for early signs of cancer & other diseasesCytologist examines cells under the microscope for early signs of cancer & other diseases Education:Education: –Bachelor of Science Degree –Completion of a clinical rotation in accredited Cytology Program –National Licensure by American Society of Clinical Pathology (ASCP)

5. Histology/Cytology Pathologists examines tissue or specimen removed in surgery (gross exam)Pathologists examines tissue or specimen removed in surgery (gross exam) Tissue is processed & embedded into wax blocksTissue is processed & embedded into wax blocks Very thin shavings made from blocksVery thin shavings made from blocks Mounted onto slide & stainedMounted onto slide & stained Examined microscopically by PathologistExamined microscopically by Pathologist

6. Pathologist Medical doctor specializing in the diagnosis of diseaseMedical doctor specializing in the diagnosis of disease Medical Director of the laboratoryMedical Director of the laboratory Performs autopsiesPerforms autopsies Examines tissues & blood smears for presence of diseaseExamines tissues & blood smears for presence of disease Education:Education: –4 year college –Medical school –5 year Residency –MD licensure –Pass Pathology Clinical & Anatomical Boards

7. Medical Technologist Perform a multitude of tests on all types of body fluids (blood, CSF, urine, feces, semen, sputum, synovial fluid, etc.)Perform a multitude of tests on all types of body fluids (blood, CSF, urine, feces, semen, sputum, synovial fluid, etc.) Information they gather, helps doctors to diagnose diseaseInformation they gather, helps doctors to diagnose disease Education:Education: –Bachelor of Science Degree –Completion of a clinical rotation in accredited Medical Technology Program –National Licensure by American Society of Clinical Pathology (ASCP)

8. Inside the Lab PhlebotomyPhlebotomy Hematology/CoagulationHematology/Coagulation Blood BankBlood Bank Chemistry/Special ChemistryChemistry/Special Chemistry Serology/UrinalysisSerology/Urinalysis MicrobiologyMicrobiology Histology/PathologyHistology/Pathology

9. Hematology/Coagulation Hematology is the study of the cells that make up blood (White blood cells, Red blood cells, and Platelets)Hematology is the study of the cells that make up blood (White blood cells, Red blood cells, and Platelets) Coagulation is the study of the process in which the blood clots or coagulatesCoagulation is the study of the process in which the blood clots or coagulates

11. Blood Bank Four types of Blood:Four types of Blood: –A –BRh Factor –AB -positive –O -negative Compatibility testingCompatibility testing What can be transfused at FAMC? –Red Blood Cells –Platelets –Fresh Frozen Plasma An average adult ’ s body contains 8 to 10 units of blood

13. Chemistry/Special Chemistry Most of the testing done in these 2 depts. are done on complex machines or instruments & involve chemical reactionsMost of the testing done in these 2 depts. are done on complex machines or instruments & involve chemical reactions Tests performed on serum or plasma portion of the bloodTests performed on serum or plasma portion of the blood We can test all the major organ systems:We can test all the major organ systems: –Heart - Gallbladder –Liver - Bones –Kidney - Digestive system –Lungs - Prostate –Thyroid & Hormones –Cancer/Tumor Markers

15. New Beckman Coulter LXi 725

16. Serology & Urinalysis Serology=antigen/antibody detectionSerology=antigen/antibody detection –Mono –Pregnancy Urinalysis=chemical analysis of urineUrinalysis=chemical analysis of urine –Infections –Kidney stones

17. Microbiology The study of bacteria, viruses, protozoa, and fungiThe study of bacteria, viruses, protozoa, and fungi Normal flora vs. PathogensNormal flora vs. Pathogens Organism identification and selection of antibioticsOrganism identification and selection of antibiotics