3. Serving in all areas of the clinical laboratory

4. Doctor’s Order Results Reported Patient Sample to Doctor Collected / Identified Analysis of Sample Specimen Delivered Sample Process

5.  Pre-analytical  Orders  Chain of Custody  Patient identification and prep  Analytical  In-lab vs. POCT  QC  Calibration  Maintenance  Post-analytical  sample transport / storage  result documentation

6.  Study of cells and other components found in the vascular system, bone marrow and other body fluids (such as synovial fluid, cardiac fluid, and spinal fluid).  Testing  in the diagnosis of blood disorders such as leukemia, anemia, and bleeding problems  monitoring patient blood who have infections or burns or who have undergone surgery or cancer treatment.  use microscopes and automated equipment.  CBC (Complete Blood Count) – Using analyzers, the MLT determines the amount of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets found in a cubic millimeter of blood. Hemoglobin and cell volumes/concentrations are also calculated.  Differential – Using a microscope, cells can be visually analyzed by the MLT to determine if infections, cancer or other abnormalities exist in a patient sample.  Bleeding Tests – PT and APTT are only a few of the tests used in coagulation studies to monitor patients who have bleeding disorders or who are taking anticoagulant drugs.  Website for Hematology :  www.hematology.org www.hematology.org

7.  Blood Grouping and Typing and Antibody Identification  Ensure Safe Blood Supplies (safe from AIDS, hepatitis and other infections  Transfusion Testing  Issues blood products such as packed cells, plasma, coagulation factors, and platelets.  plasmaphoresis, Rhogam tests, identification panels, transplantation, and paternity testing.  Website for Blood Bank: www.aabb.org www.aabb.org

8.  Studies antigenic relationships to specific antibodies  Distinguish acute from chronic and present from past infections.  Some of the conditions studied include: lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, syphilis, toxoplasmosis, hepatitis, and AIDS.  Some procedures include: ELISA, electrophoresis, hemagglutination, fluorescence, and radio-immunoassay.  Website for Immunology : www.aai.org www.amli.org

9.  Identification of viruses, bacteria, fungi and parasites  Procedures such as culturing, microscopic evaluation, chemical /serological / genetic testing /  Various illnesses such as pneumonia, tuberculosis, diarrhea, meningitis, and venereal diseases  Website for Microbiology : www.asm.orgwww.asm.org

10.  Sophisticated instrumentation  Assays to help evaluate conditions such as diabetes, heart attack, hepatitis, and renal disorders  Analytical studies determine the physiologic levels of proteins, fats, sugars, enzymes, electrolytes, and other chemicals  Subdivisions of Chemistry include: Toxicology (therapeutic as well as drugs of abuse) and Endocrinology (hormones).  Website for Chemistry : www.aacc.orgwww.aacc.org

11.  Kidney function assays  Microscopy, assay kits, and automated equipment  Assist the primary health care providers in diagnosing conditions such as diabetes, nephrosis, infections, pregnancy, and hemolysis

12.  The Phlebotomist is trained in the process of blood collection using either venipuncture or capillary punctures.  Website for Phlebotomy: www.aspt.orgwww.aspt.org

13.  Hospitals and Clinics  In-patients  Out-patients  Reference Laboratories  Commercial  Satellites / Phlebotomy Centers  Physician Office Laboratories (POL)

14.  Veterinary offices  Armed forces  Pharmaceutical companies  Research and clinical work in facilities that specialize in cancer, neurologic disorders, and fertility studies

15.  Forensics  Genetics, epidemiology, medical publications, computer science, and quality assurance  Industry  development of new tests, procedures, and instrumentations.  sales, distribution, and service of new procedures, analyzers and reagents.

16. Laboratory Management  Laboratory Medical Director  Laboratory Manager  Department/Technical Supervisor  Chief/Lead Technical Staff Laboratory Staff  Medical Technologist  Medical Laboratory Technician  Medical Laboratory Assistant  Phlebotomist

18.  Quality Improvement - Revenue / Cost  Standard Operating Procedures  Human Resources  QA