1. FISIOLOGIA DIGESTIVA (BCM II) Clase 3: Fisiopatología Esofágica Dr. Michel Baró Aliste

2. Acalasia Esofágica

7. Endoscopic view of patient with achalasia of LES

8. Barium swallow in patient with achalasia of esophagus (A)

9. Barium swallow in patient with achalasia of esophagus (B)

10. Lateral radiograph of barium swallow in patient with achalasia of esophagus

11. Barium swallows of patient with secondary achalasia (A)

12. Barium swallows of patient with secondary achalasia (B)

13. Manometric tracing from patient with achalasia of esophagus

14. Pressure recording and fluoroscopy during barium swallow in achalasia Onda de presión hidrostática

15. Epiphrenic diverticulum in patient with achalasia of esophagus

16. Ultrasound images of the lower esophageal sphincter (A)

17. Ultrasound images of the lower esophageal sphincter (B)

18. Pneumatic dilation of lower esophageal sphincter using Rigiflex Balloon

19. Otros Trastornos Motores del Esófago Espasmo difuso del esófago Esófago en cascanueces Esclerodermia

20. Barium swallow study in patient with diffuse esophageal spasm

21. Diffuse esophageal spasm

22. Manometric appearance of diffuse esophageal spasm

23. Manometry and fluoroscopy of barium swallow in diffuse esophageal spasm Contracción y compartamentalización del lumen

24. Nutcracker esophagus Ondas peristálticas

25. Radiographic view of scleroderma of esophagus, stomach, duodenum

26. Dilated esophagus and patulous lower esophageal sphincter

27. Manometric tracing from patient with severe involvement of scleroderma

28. Esophageal function in woman with scleroderma and esophageal motor impairment (A)

29. Esophageal function in woman with scleroderma and esophageal motor impairment (B)

30. Esophageal function in woman with scleroderma and esophageal motor impairment (C)

31. Reflujo Gastroesofágico

32. Anatomy of two lower esophageal sphincters

33. Contribution of LES/crural diaphragm to esophagogastric junction pressure

34. Spontaneous, transient LES relaxation diaphragmatic electromyography

35. Relationship between GER and GERD (A)

36. Relationship between GER and GERD (B)

37. Prevalence of heartburn in adult Americans M / F = 3 / 1

38. Incidence of heartburn in northeast Scotland

39. Pathophysiology and etiology of reflux esophagitis

40. Reflux mechanisms

42. Antireflux mechanisms in ambulatory patients with GERD (A) transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxation (TLESR) swallow-associated prolonged lower esophageal sphincter relaxation (SAPLESR) swallow-associated normal duration LES relaxations (SANLESR)

43. Antireflux mechanisms in ambulatory patients with GERD (B)

44. Esophageal luminal acid clearance mechanisms Tiempo de aclaramiento del ácido esofágico en sujeto sano : 3-5 minutos

45. Esophageal luminal acid clearance mechanisms

46. Esophageal luminal acid clearance

47. Hiatal hernia

48. Bile salt concentrations in forms of reflux esophagitis

49. Components of tissue resistance against acid injury in esophagus

50. Tissue resistance: structural and functional defenses

51. Tissue resistance: altering esophageal epithelium defense

52. Conditions and activities associated with GERD

53. Helicobacter pylori

54. Protective role of Helicobacter pylori Erradicados Infec. persistente

55. Characteristics of heartburn

56. Esophageal pathology in gastroesophageal reflux disease

57. Histopathology of reflux damage to esophagus

58. Histopathology of GERD (A) controlcontrol control

59. Histopathology of GERD (B) Esofagitis erosiva

60. Histopathology of GERD (C) Esofagitis no erosiva

61. Histopathology, erosive esophagitis Edema Infiltración PMN, eosinófilos. Congestión vascular y extravasación.

62. Endoscopic view of erosive esophagitis

63. Endoscopic grading systems for reflux esophagitis

64. Esophageal complications of reflux esophagitis

65. Esophageal stricture

66. Barrett's esophagus

67. Barrett's esophagus: 3 types of columnar epithelium 1-Epitelio de la unión (cardial) 2-Epitelio fúndico atrófico 3-Epitelio especializado (intestinal) Barrett

68. Barrett's esophagus increases with age

69. Rising incidence of adenocarcinoma of the esophagus

70. Frequency of cancer based on frequency, severity, duration of heartburn

71. Incidence of cancer based on frequency of heartburn or in Barrett's esophagus

72. Tests for diagnostic assessment of GERD, its mechanisms and consequences

73. Lifestyle modifications to lessen reflux esophagitis

74. Endoscopic views of gastroesophageal reflux disease (A)

75. Endoscopic views of gastroesophageal reflux disease (B)

76. Endoscopic views of gastroesophageal reflux disease (C)

77. Endoscopic views of gastroesophageal reflux disease (D)

78. Dental erosion from chronic acid reflux disease

79. View of hypopharynx during upper gastrointestinal endoscopy

80. Fin