1. Medical Applications of Molecular Nanotechnology Nanomedicine Group 7: Alex Shin Bobby Martin Brian Maldonado Denny Windgassen John Metcalf Kenneth Kreps Ross Mathis

2. NANOMEDICINE Def. Nanotechnology: Describes creation of functional materials, devices, and systems in nanometer scale length (1-100nm = 1-100 x 10 -9m) Def. Nanomedicine: Application of Nanotechnology in Medicine

3. NANOMEDICINE Key Goals: Cure of traditionally incurable diseases (i.e. Cancer) Providing more effective cure with fewer side effects, and developing tools for more effective detection, diagnosis, and treatment

4. NANOROBOTS Microscopic devices ranging in size from 0.1-10 micrometers - A human hair is typically 40 micrometers in diameter Capable of navigating through the bloodstream directly to the source Carry tools, medicines, lasers, etc. Seems most fit to work in mass quantities

5. NANOROBOTS (cont’d) Designed to treat patients at the source Precision Microsurgery Target drug delivery Monitor your diabetes …and more

6. NANOROBOTS The Link Data Mining Monitor various patients with similar conditions, and find trends in the way they react to different treatments. EHR Conditions can be automatically updated in your Electronic Health Record, via the nanorobots, eliminating the need for unnecessary follow up visits.

7. CELL REPAIR MACHINES Small enough to fit inside of a cell or travel through the blood stream Uses cilia for propulsion Contains a memory of up to 1 GB Contains a CPU with 10 MB of RAM 1000 extendable molecular manipulators, each controlled by the micro processor

8. CELL REPAIR MACHINES Before treatment: Inject the CRMs to target the cancerous cells 1.Use the improved imaging in order to remove the cells by surgery 2. Use the CRMs to deliver medicines directly to the part of the body 3.Kill the cancer cells by the using methods such as Kanzius RF therapy After treatment: Maintain the health of the patient

9. CELL REPAIR MACHINES Other medical applications of CRMs: Repair cellular injuries caused by hours of absent blood flow Eliminate aging and increase the lifespan of a human to 600 years Achieve “super human" strength by overlapping muscle tissue with fine diamond fiber Revive cryogenically frozen patients

10. BIOMEDICAL NANOTECHNOLOGY

11. Diagnostics - Would help individuals with their PHR’s Prostheses and implants Nanodrugs Three Main Focuses

12. BIOMEDICAL NANOTECHNOLOGY Diagnostics - Would help individuals with their PHR’s Fairly new technology - Long term effects - Unforeseen Adverse effects Will be monitored closely into the future Potential Problems

13. NANONEPHROLOGY Nephrology Study of the function and diseases of the kidney Nanonephrology Branch of Nanomedicine that deals with Nephrology

14. NANONEPHROLOGY Protein Structures Nano-Imaging Nanomedicine Subfields

15. NANOBUBBLE TECHNOLOGY What is it? Bubbles that can be injected into the bloodstream to deliver oxygen to the body Can hold 400x more oxygen than the average red blood cell Breakdown of blood clots Applications: Hemorrhagic shock victims – rats kept alive with only 50% normal quantity of blood Carbon Monoxide poisoning – flood out the carbon monoxide with oxygen saturation

16. NANOBUBBLE TECHNOLOGY How this applies to HIT: More efficient, more effective way to deliver oxygen Costs less, no harmful chemicals that remain in the body like competitors such as PolyHeme In the future patients may be able to administer the injections on their own and monitor their blood oxygen levels as well as their body’s circulation

17. NANOTECHNOLOGY IN DRUG DELIVERY Controlled Release Systems - More efficient dosage - Reduced side effects Vaccine Delivery Systems - Small size - Faster absorption Implanted Drug Release Systems,

18. NANOTECHNOLOGY IN DRUG DELIVERY Increased effectiveness of medication - Controlled release increases effective time Targeted delivery of medication. - Absorbed by specific tissue or cells

19. CONCLUSION Introduction to various applications Key Goals Can bring advancements to three components of HIT FUTURE: CONCERNS: Promises better outcomes Difficult to say when it is implemented -> question of coordination and standardization Interaction between nanoparticles and living organisms should be fully evaluated first Cost

20. Questions?