1. Rencontres de Moriond, La Thuile, 23/03/2015 GINGER A terrestrial experiment to verify the Lense-Thirring effect or possible deviations from General Relativity Angelo Tartaglia Giroscopes in General Relativity, Politecnico di Torino, DISAT Angelo Tartaglia1

2. Rencontres de Moriond, La Thuile, 23/03/2015 Angelo Tartaglia2 Small effects of General Relativity Free fall Static metric

3. Angelo Tartaglia3 Rencontres de Moriond, La Thuile, 23/03/2015 Best covering of space-time by means of null geodesics

4. Angelo Tartaglia4 Light → ds = 0 + Chiral symmetry about a time axis Rencontres de Moriond, La Thuile, 23/03/2015

5. Angelo Tartaglia5 x i (ℓ)= x i (ℓ+L) Rencontres de Moriond, La Thuile, 23/03/2015 Closed path in space (proper length L)

6. Angelo Tartaglia6 Rencontres de Moriond, La Thuile, 23/03/2015 A ringlaser Active cavity Mirrors Resonant loop Beat frequency Length of the loop

7. Angelo Tartaglia7 Angular velocity of the device Angular momentum of the earth Area of the loop Sagnac Scale factor Weak field (the earth), spherical space coordinates. Expected signal Rencontres de Moriond, La Thuile, 23/03/2015 Mass of the earth Bosi F., et al., Phys. Rev. D, vol. 84, p. 122002/1-23 (2011)

8. Angelo Tartaglia8 Ringlasers at rest on the rotating earth Rencontres de Moriond, La Thuile, 23/03/2015 Ω coincides with Ω  GR terms  10 -9  the kinematical contribution (Sagnac term) de Sitter (geodetic) term: almost same order as the Lense-Thirring term

9. Gyroscopes in General Relativity9 Metric theories other than GR In the expected results two ppN parameters appear:  and  1 GR:  =1 1 =0 03/02/2015, Padova

10. Angelo Tartaglia10 Rencontres de Moriond, La Thuile, 23/03/2015 G instrument at the Geodätisches Observatorium Wettzell Absolute sensitivity: ~ 10 -12 rad/s/√Hz Side: 4 m Power: 20nW Zerodur support

11. Angelo Tartaglia11 Rencontres de Moriond, La Thuile, 23/03/2015 GINGER: proposed and under development Three-dimensional ring lasers array (three to six or more) Laser power: ~ 200 nW Quality factor of the cavity: Q  3  10 12 Square loop,  6 m in side Underground location (LNGS) Purpose: to measure the LT effect with a 1% accuracy (one year integration time)

12. Angelo Tartaglia12 Rencontres de Moriond, La Thuile, 23/03/2015

13. Angelo Tartaglia13 Rencontres de Moriond, La Thuile, 23/03/2015 Configurations

14. GINGERino (assembled 2014, now working at LNGS) Angelo Tartaglia14 Rencontres de Moriond, La Thuile, 23/03/2015 3.6 m side Piezoelecric control of the perimeter

15. Collaboration Angelo Tartaglia15 P.I. Angela Di VirgilioPisa-INFN J. Belfi, N. Beverini, F. Bosi, B. Bouhadef, G. Carelli, G. Cella, E. Maccioni, Pisa-University and R. Santagata, A. Simonelli, G. TerreniINFN A. Beghi, D. Cuccato, G. Naletto Padua-University and and A. OrtolanLegnaro INFN Labs C. Altucci, G. Passeggio, A. PorzioNaples-CNR and INFN R. Velotta M.L. Ruggiero and A. TartagliaTurin-Politecnico and INFN C. ZarraAssergi-LNGS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Ulrich SchreiberTechnische Universität München Jon-Paul WellsUniversity of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand Rencontres de Moriond, La Thuile, 23/03/2015

16. References Angelo Tartaglia16 A. Di Virgilio, et al., Comptes Rendus Physique, vol. 15, 866874 (2014) N. Beverini, et al., Laser Phys., vol. 74, 074005 (2014) M.L. Ruggiero and A. Tartaglia, Eur. Phis. J. Plus, vol. 129, 126 (2014) F. Bosi, et al., Phys. Rev. D, vol. 84, 122002/1-23 (2011)