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Published byEstrella Arrasmith Modified over 9 years ago
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Labor Unions & Strikes United States History
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Three Choices for Workers… 1.Continue in misery 2.Join a Union and possibly get fired or even killed 3.Become a communist and start a revolution
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Socialism Public control of property & income Society should be in charge of wealth Wealth should be redistributed equally Karl Marx & Frederick Engels How to get this done? Workers revolution
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Could This Happen In America? How could this help workers? Who would be against Socialism/Communism in America? This is radical—is there something less radical that would help workers?
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Less Radical—Labor Unions Unions: improve working conditions (not overthrow the system) Collective Bargaining Strikes (last resort) Best—national strike Why was this appealing to workers?
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Knights of Labor First important national union Wanted to organize ALL workers: skilled, unskilled and of all backgrounds (no racial restrictions) Set the example: negotiate, then strike if needed Goals: 8 hour day; end of child labor Lost influence after violent strikes
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Other Unions American Federation of Labor (AFL): –Smaller local unions with a national organization –Wages, hours, conditions –Strikes, collective bargaining –Barred African-Americans Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) –Wobblies –Socialists
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Wobblies View of the World
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Employers’ Reaction No Union Meetings Union organizers fired Blacklisting Yellow Dog contracts Would not bargain collectively Strikes met with violence
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The Great Strikes Haymarket Riot (1896)—8 hour workday (national strike); scabs hired in Chicago (fights); rally— bombing & gunfight btw. Police & strikers; Ill. Law: help with murder, then you are a murderer: 4 anarchists hanged for murder (one blew himself up in prison). Never determined who threw the bomb. Homestead Strike (1892)—Carnegie Steelworkers called a strike (factory cut their wages) & were fired; management sent in “private” police force (fight with deaths); strike called off Pullman Strike (1894): Company town; wages cut 25% (Panic of 1893); food prices in town NOT cut; Pullman fired three negotiators; strike; al RR traffic halted; strike ordered illegal because mail couldn’t get through
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