1. Crisis in the Colonies
Chapter 5 U.S. History

2. European Rivals in North America
France posed the most serious threat to English colonies
The French were determined to halt westward expansion by the English
European Rivals in North America

3. European Rivals in North America
The Ohio River Valley linked French settlements in Canada and along the Mississippi River.
Ohio river marked the western border of British-controlled lands
European Rivals in North America

4. Both the French and English sought Native American allies
French alliance with the Iroquois nation led to early British defeats
French and Indian War

5. William Pitt’s strategy for winning Britain's war with France was to use Britain’s best generals in North America.
French and Indian War

6. British troops were able to surprise the French at Quebec by climbing a steep cliff at night
The capture of Quebec by the British led to the fall of New France
French and Indian War

7. After the Treaty of Paris, Britain and Spain controlled most of the land in North America
Quebec Act established protection for rights of French Catholics
Treaty of Paris

8. The Proclamation of 1763 was signed to avoid conflicts with Native Americans in the Ohio Valley
Proclamation Line of 1763 was designed to protect Native American lands
Proclamation of 1763

9. Parliament approved colonial taxes to help pay for the costs of the French and Indian War.
Stamp Act imposed duties (taxes) on legal documents
Turmoil Over Taxation

10. Parliament then passed the Townshend Acts, which taxed goods such as paper, paint, glass, and lead
Turmoil Over Taxation

11. Sons and Daughters of Liberty formed to protest taxes
Mercy Otis Warren and Abigail Adams organized resistance to British taxes through their writings
Turmoil Over Taxation

12. New colonial leaders emerged as tensions with Britain grew:
Samuel Adams
John Adams
Patrick Henry
Turmoil Over Taxation

13. British troops were sent to Boston to protect customs officials
Crowds threw objects at soldiers
Troops shot into the crowd, killing five
Boston Massacre

14. In response to the shootings, Samuel Adams wrote letters to other colonies to build outrage
Letter-writing campaigns became the committees of correspondence to report of events in Massachusetts
Boston Massacre

15. British troops were given a fair trial in a colonial court
Boston Massacre

16. From Protest to Revolution
Colonists protested the Tea Act by boycotting British tea
Boston Tea Party: “Boston harbor is a teapot tonight! The Mohawks are come!”
Colonists destroyed British property
From Protest to Revolution

17. Parliament Strikes Back
In retaliation for the Boston Tea Party, Parliament passed laws punishing Massachusetts
Colonists called these laws the Intolerable Acts because they were so harsh
Parliament Strikes Back

18. Laws placed limits on colonists’ rights to call town meetings.
Parliament shut down the port of Boston
British soldiers were housed in colonists’ homes
Intolerable Acts

19. British troops tried to seize colonists’ arms and ammunition
Colonial militia drove the troops back to Boston
Lexington and Concord

20. Battles signaled the start of the American Revolution
Lexington and Concord

21. Good Luck on Your Test!