1. INFINITIVE vs GERUND

2. Only Gerund is used With the verbs and verbal phrases:
to avoid to recall/ to recollect
to burst out to resent
to deny to practise
to enjoy to risk
to excuse to suggest !!!
to fancy (in exclamation & surprise)
to finish
to forgive
to give up/to leave off
to go on/to keep on
to mind (in negative & interrogative sentences)
to postpone/to put off
cannot (can’t) help !!!
to consider
to include
to escape
to involve

3. With the verbs and verbal phrases used with prepositions:
to like the idea of to suspect of
to accuse of/to blame smb for to persist in
to agree to to prevent from/to stop from
to approve of to rely on
to complain of to result in
to apologize for to suspend smb of
to forgive for to speak of
to congratulate on to thank for
to count on to think of
to depend on to look forward to
to hear of
to inform of
to insist on
to feel like, to look like
to succeed in
to object to

4. With the following word combinations:
to be afraid of to be sure of
to be angry for to be surprised at
to be aware of to be worried about
to be bored with to be worth
to be busy to be responsible for
to be capable of to be no use/no good
to be clever at/to be good at to be used to/accustomed to
to be disappointed at
to be engaged in
to be fond of/to be keen on/to be interested in
to be guilty of
to be pleased (displeased) at
to be grateful for
can’t stand
to have difficulty in
to be proud of
to be slow at
to be sorry for

5. Gerund is used with noun+preposition
art of reason for
chance of right of
difficulty in sense of
experience in skill in
habit of way of
idea of
importance of
interest in
means of
mistake of
opportunity of
plan for
point in
preparation for
process of
purpose of

6. Gerund is used with the following prepositions
after
before
besides
instead of
in spite of/despite on
without by at

7. Gerund + Infinitive can be used
to be afraid*
to begin
to cease
to continue
can (cannot) afford
to dread/to fear * NOTE: verb + inf = it’s a good idea,
to forget* a special occasion
to hate* verb + ger = a general statement
to intend e.g. The child was not afraid of remaining alone,
to like (dislike)*/to enjoy* but that night he was afraid to stay alone on such a
to neglect stormy night.
to prefer*
to propose
to remember/to recollect
to start
to stop

8. Change of meaning
Some verbs used either with an infinitive or a gerund can have different meanings!
to stop
to remember/to forget
to like/to love/to hate/ to prefer
to dread/to regret
to be afraid
to advise/to intend/to recommend
cannot bear
to mean
to try
to go on
to understand

9. EXAMPLES Verb + Inf Verb + Ger
1.Stop + inf = to make a break, pause in order to do smth
She stopped to chat with her pals.
***
2.Remember + inf = remember what one has to do, the duty
Remember to lock the door.
3.Forget + inf = forget to do smth
Don’t forget to post my letter!
4.Mean + inf = to intend
He means to move to New Castle.
1.Stop + ger = to cease the action from continuation
He stopped speaking and looked at us in surprise.
2.Remember + ger = remember what has happened
I’ll always remember seeing you in class.
3.Forget + ger = forget a past event
I’ll never forget swimming in the Dead Sea.
4.Mean + ger = to cause/entail
This meant purchasing new equipment.

10. 5.Go on + inf = stop doing smth & start doing smth else
After he had learnt Hungarian, he went on to learn Spanish.
***
6.Try + inf = attempt
She tried hard to cope with her new job.
7.Regret + inf = to be sorry to
We regret to inform you that your flight has been delayed.
8.Hate + inf = hate what one is about to do
I hate to interrupt you, but I must talk to you.
5.Go on + ger = continue to do smth
The orchestra went on playing while the Titanic was sinking.
6.Try + ger = experiment
Try eating often but very little at a time.
7.Regret + ger = to feel sorry for the past event
I regret telling her a lie.
8.Hate + ger = feel sorry for what one is doing
I hate making you feel embarrassed.

11. Forms of the Infinitive
Forms of the –ing form
Active Voice
Passive Voice
Present
Present Cont
Perfect
Perfect Cont
(to) repair
(to) be repairing
(to) have repaired
(to) have been repairing
(to) be repaired
____________
(to) have been repaired
Active Voice
Passive Voice
repairing
_______________
having repaired
______________
being repaired
having been repaired